Li-tubes tsa pokello ea mali ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa lilaboratoring tsa bongaka, tse thusang ho bokelloa, ho boloka le ho sebetsana le lisampole tsa mali bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo.Khetho e nepahetseng le ts'ebeliso ea li-tubes tsena ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana liphetho tse nepahetseng le tse tšepahalang tsa tlhahlobo, tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho hlahlojoeng le taolong ea mokuli.
II.Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Li-tubes tsa Pokello ea Mali
A. Serum Separator Tubes (SST)
Li-tubes tsa serum separator, tse tsejoang ka hore ke SSTs, li etselitsoe ho thusa karohano ea serum ho tsoa maling a felletseng kamora centrifugation.Li-tubes tsena li na le karohano ea li-gel, tseo hangata li entsoeng ka lintho tse sa sebetseng joalo ka silicone kapa silika, tse behiloeng lipakeng tsa 'clot activator' le serum.Nakong ea centrifugation, gel e etsa mokoallo pakeng tsa serum le clot, e lumellang ho arohana ho hloekileng.Li-SST li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa liteko tse fapaneng tsa k'hemistri ea kliniki, ho kenyeletsoa liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, profil ea lipid, liteko tsa lihormone le matšoao a mafu a tšoaetsanoang.
B. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Tubes
Li-tubes tsa EDTA li na le anticoagulant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, e tlamang li-ion tsa calcium maling le ho thibela ho kopana ka ho thibela ketso ea mabaka a coagulation.Li-tubes tsena li sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mali, joalo ka lipalo tse felletseng tsa mali (CBCs), tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin, le tlhahlobo ea morphology ea lisele tsa mali.EDTA e boloka likaroloana tsa lisele tsa mali, e etsa hore a tšoanelehe bakeng sa liteko tse hlokang lisele tsa mali tse sa fetoheng, tse kang liphapang tsa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le li-indices tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
C. Sodium Citrate Tubes
Li-tubes tsa sodium citrate li na le sodium citrate, anticoagulant e tlamang li-ion tsa calcium le ho thibela ho kopana ha mali ka ho thibela ho phalla ha mali.Li-tubes tsena hangata li sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea coagulation, ho kenyelletsa nako ea prothrombin (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), le liteko tsa coagulation factor.Sodium citrate e boloka mali a le boemong ba mokelikeli, e lumellang tekanyo e nepahetseng ea linako tsa ho koala le tlhahlobo ea mosebetsi oa coagulation.
D. Heparin Tubes
Li-tubes tsa Heparin li na le anticoagulant heparin, e sebetsang ka ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea antithrombin III, inhibitor ea tlhaho ea thrombin le lintho tse ling tse koalang.Li-tubes tsena li sebelisoa bakeng sa liteko tse khethehileng tsa k'hemistri, joalo ka maemo a plasma ammonia, liteko tse itseng tsa toxicology, le tlhahlobo ea meriana ea kalafo.Heparin e thibela coagulation cascade ka ho fokotsa thrombin le ho thibela ho thehoa ha fibrin, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa liteko tse hlokang lisampole tsa plasma tse se nang lintho tse koalang.
E. Fluoride Oxalate Tubes
Li-tubes tsa Fluoride oxalate li na le sodium fluoride le potassium oxalate, tse sebetsang e le li-antiglycolytic agents ho thibela glycolysis lisampong tsa mali.Li-tubes tsena li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea tsoekere, kaha glycolysis e ka lebisa ho fokotseha ha maemo a tsoekere ha nako e ntse e ea.Sodium fluoride e thibela ho senyeha ha enzymatic ea tsoekere, ha potassium oxalate e sebetsa e le se sireletsang.Li-tubes tsa Fluoride oxalate li bohlokoa bakeng sa liteko tsa mamello ea tsoekere, tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere, le ho lekola taolo ea glycemic ho bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere.
F. Glycolytic Inhibitor Tubes
Li-tubes tsa glycolytic inhibitor li na le li-additives tse thibelang glycolysis, tsela ea metabolism e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho senyeha ha tsoekere.Li-tubes tsena li sebelisetsoa ho thibela ho senyeha ha enzyme ea tsoekere ka lisampole tsa mali, ho etsa bonnete ba hore litekanyo tse nepahetseng le tse tšepahalang tsa tsoekere ha nako e ntse e ea.Li-tubes tsa glycolytic inhibitor li bohlokoa bakeng sa liteko tse hlokang maemo a tsitsitseng a tsoekere, joalo ka liteko tsa mamello ea tsoekere, liteko tsa ho hana insulin, le liprothokholo tsa taolo ea lefu la tsoekere.Li-additives tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa sodium fluoride, potassium oxalate, le sodium iodoacetate, e thibelang li-enzyme tsa glycolytic le ho boloka khatello ea tsoekere lisampong tsa mali.
III.Phapang ka Tube Composition le Additives
Mofuta o mong le o mong oa li-tube tsa pokello ea mali o na le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse etselitsoeng ho boloka likarolo tsa mali le ho thibela tšebetso e sa batleheng ea lik'hemik'hale.Ho utloisisa liphapang tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha tube e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea bongaka.
IV.Likopo tsa Clinical Application le Ts'ebeliso
A. Serum Separator Tubes (SST)
Li-tubes tsa SST li na le separator ea gel e arolang serum ho mali a felletseng holim'a centrifugation.Hangata li sebelisoa bakeng sa liteko tsa k'hemistri, ho kenyelletsa liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, lintlha tsa lipid, le litekanyo tsa electrolyte.
B. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Tubes
Li-tubes tsa EDTA li na le EDTA, e leng chelating agent e tlamang li-ion tsa calcium le ho thibela mali ho thibela mali ka ho thibela lintho tsa ho kopanya.Li sebelisoa bakeng sa liteko tsa hematology, joalo ka palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) le tlhahlobo ea sebopeho sa lisele tsa mali.
C. Sodium Citrate Tubes
Li-tubes tsa sodium citrate li na le sodium citrate, e sebetsang e le anticoagulant ka ho tlama li-ion tsa calcium le ho thibela ho thehoa ha mali.Li sebelisoa bakeng sa liteko tsa coagulation, ho kenyelletsa nako ea prothrombin (PT) le activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).
D. Heparin Tubes
Li-tubes tsa Heparin li na le heparin, anticoagulant e matla e thibelang thrombin le factor Xa ka har'a coagulation cascade.Li sebelisetsoa liteko tse khethehileng tsa k'hemistri, joalo ka plasma ammonia le liteko tse ling tsa toxicology.
E. Fluoride Oxalate Tubes
Li-tubes tsa Fluoride oxalate li na le sodium fluoride le potassium oxalate, tse thibelang glycolysis le ho boloka maemo a tsoekere lisampong tsa mali.Li sebelisetsoa tlhahlobo ea tsoekere, haholo taolong ea lefu la tsoekere.
F. Glycolytic Inhibitor Tubes
Li-tubes tsa glycolytic inhibitor li na le li-additives tse thibelang glycolysis, ho thibela ho phatloha ha tsoekere lisampoleng tsa mali.Li sebelisetsoa liteko tse hlokang tekanyo e nepahetseng ea maemo a tsoekere ka nako, joalo ka liteko tsa mamello ea tsoekere.
V. Litlhokomelo bakeng sa Pokello ea Mali le ho Tšoaroa
Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho bokella mali, ho tšoara le ho boloka mali ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa botšepehi ba lisampole tsa mali le ho nepahala ha liphetho tsa liteko.Liphetoho tsa pele ho tlhahlobo, joalo ka tšilafalo ea sampole le hemolysis, li ka ama liphetho tsa liteko haholo mme li tlameha ho fokotsoa ka ho latela melaoana e thehiloeng.
VI.Mekhoa le Lintlafatso tsa Kamoso
Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea tube ea pokello ea mali e ntse e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ts'epo ea tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea mali.Litheknoloji tse ntseng li hlaha, tse kang lisebelisoa tsa microfluidic le li-platform tsa tlhahlobo ea boemo ba tlhokomelo, li fana ka menyetla e mecha ea tlhahlobo ea mali e potlakileng le e arolelanoang, ho matlafatsa tlhokomelo ea bakuli le ts'ebetso ea bongaka.
Qetellong, li-tubes tsa pokello ea mali li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tlhokomelong ea bophelo ea sejoale-joale ka ho etsa hore tlhahlobo e nepahetseng le e tšepahalang ea lisampole tsa mali bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mali.Ho utloisisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-tubes, liqapi tsa tsona le lits'ebetso tsa bongaka ho bohlokoa bakeng sa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle tse amehang pokellong ea mehlala, tlhahlobo ea laboratori le tlhokomelo ea bakuli.Ka ho latela mekhoa e metle ea ho bokella mali le ho sebetsana le ho lula ba tseba ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea tube, bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba ka etsa bonnete ba hore ho fana ka litšebeletso tsa boleng bo phahameng ba ho hlahloba mali le liphello tse ntle tsa mokuli.
