Olekanitsa mababu, omwe amadziwika kuti si SSTS, adapangidwa kuti athandizire kulekanitsa seramu kuchokera ku magazi athunthu pambuyo pa centerrifugation. Machubu awa amakhala ndi cholekanitsa cha gel, nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zina monga silika kapena silika, zokhala pakati pa woyeserera ndi seramu. Pa nthawi ya centrifugation, gel imapanga chotchinga pakati pa seramu ndi kulola kulekanitsidwa koyera. SSSS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamayeso osiyanasiyana azachipatala, kuphatikiza ma dipulosi a chiwindi, mapilo a lipid, mahomoni, komanso matenda opatsirana.
B. Ethylenzensiiaminetrathracettic acid (edta) machubu
Edta machubu amakhala ndi anticoaamont a anticoaliacetraocettic acid, omwe amamanga ma calcium a asidi wa m'magazi ndikulepheretsa kuphatikizika ndikulepheretsa kuchitapo kanthu. Machubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyesa kwa hematological, monga magazi athunthu okwanira (CBC), kusanthula kwa hemoglobin, ndi maselo magazi modzikuza. Edta amasunga zigawo zam'magazi, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera mayeso omwe amafunikira maselo owoneka bwino, monga osiyana maselo oyera a m'magazi ndi mawonekedwe ofiira a magazi.
C. sodium citrate
Mababu a sodium tinrate amakhala ndi sodium citrate, anticoagulant yemwe amangirira ma calcium ions ndipo amalepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa magazi polepheretsa kuvala mosavuta. Machubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyesa kophatikiza, kuphatikizapo prothrombin nthawi (pt), adayambitsa gawo limodzi la thromplastin (APT), komanso Factoung Factor. Sodium citrate imasunga magazi m'madzi, kulola kuti muyezo wolondola wa nthawi yovala ndi kuwunika kwa ntchito yophatikizira.
D. heparin mateni
Tumati heparin imakhala ndi heparin ya anticoagant, yomwe imagwira ntchito mwa kukulitsa ntchito ya antithrombin iii, wachilengedwe wachilengedwe wa thrombin ndi zinthu zina zopezeka. Machubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mayeso apadera a chemistry, monga kuchuluka kwa plasma ammonia, matenda ena a poizology amawerengera mankhwala othandiza. Heparin imalepheretsa kusinthika ndikusinthana ndi thrombomben ndikuletsa mapangidwe a fibrin, ndikupangitsa kukhala bwino kuyesa komwe kumafunikira zitsanzo za plasma.
E. Fluoride oxalate machubu
Fluoride oxalate machubu ndi sodium fluoride ndi potaziyamu oxalalate, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati othandizira kuti aletse Glycolysis m'mafanizo. Machubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyesa kwa shuga, pomwe glycolysis angayambitse kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi. Sodium fluoride imalepheretsa kusokonekera kwa enzymatic, pomwe potaziyamu oxalate amakhala ngati chosungira. Fluoride oxalate mabatani oyenera kulolera ma shuga, matenda ashuga, ndi kuwunika kwa glycemic kwa odwala odwala matenda ashuga.
F. Glycolytic Oibitor Machubu
Glycolytic Oubitor Machubu amakhala ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimaletsa Glycolysis, Pangano la Metabolic Mkati mwa kuwonongeka kwa glucose. Machubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kuwonongeka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikuwonetsetsa zolondola komanso zodalirika pakapita nthawi. Glycolytic Oubitor Machubu ndi ofunikira mayeso omwe amafuna magawo okhazikika, monga mayeso oyeserera a shuga, kuyesedwa kwa insulin, komanso ma protocor ashuga. Zowonjezera wamba zimaphatikizapo sodium fluoride, potaziyamu oxalate, ndi sodium iodoceaceate, yomwe imaletsa michere ya glucose ndikusunga shuga wokhazikika m'magazi.
Iii. Kusiyana kwa chubu kapangidwe ndi zowonjezera
STT machubu ndi cholekanitsa gel chomwe chimalekanitsa seramu kuchokera magazi athunthu pa centrifugation. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma chemistry, kuphatikiza mayeso a chiwindi, mapiko a lipid, ndi miyeso ya electrolyte.
B. Ethylenzensiiaminetrathracettic acid (edta) machubu
Edta machubu amakhala ndi edta, wothandizika yemwe amamangirira calcium ma ions ndipo amalepheretsa magazi poyatsira zinthu zovuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayeso a hematology, monga magazi athunthu a magazi (CBC) ndi kuwunika magazi morphology.
C. sodium citrate
Mababu a sodium tinrate amakhala ndi sodium citrate, omwe amachita ngati anticoagulant ndi anticoagulant ndi calcium ma ions ndikuletsa mapangidwe magazi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma coaging, kuphatikizapo prothrombin nthawi (PT) ndikuyambitsa gawo limodzi la thromestin (Aptt).
D. heparin mateni
Tumalo heparin lili ndi heparin, anticoagulant yolimba yomwe imalepheretsa thromn ndi factor Xa pakusanduka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayeso apadera a chemistry, monga plasma ammonia ndi malingaliro ena oopsa.
E. Fluoride oxalate machubu
Fluoride oxalate machubu ndi sodium fluoride ndi potaziyamu oxalalate, zomwe zimaletsa glycoulysis ndikusunga milingo yamaluwa m'magazi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa shuga, makamaka pakuwongolera matenda a shuga.
F. Glycolytic Oibitor Machubu
Glycolytic Oubitor Machubu amakhala ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimalepheretsa Glycolysis, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa shuga m'mafanizo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kufunafuna milingo yolondola ya kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi, monga mayeso olerera shuga.
V. Maganizo a kusonkhanitsa magazi ndi kusamalira
Njira zoyenera zosonkhanitsa magazi, kusungira, ndi zosungira ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti kukhulupirika kwa magazi komanso kulondola kwa zotsatira za mayeso. Zosintha zosakhalitsa, zodetsa zodetsa komanso hemolysis, zimatha kusintha zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke ndipo ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito protocols.
Vi. Zochita zamtsogolo ndi zomwe zikuchitika
Kupita patsogolo m'matumbo osungirako a chubu cha magazi kukupitilizabe kusintha bwino ntchito ndi kudalirika kwa kuyezetsa matenda. Teminolimoni yomwe imatuluka, monga zida za microfluidic ndi nsanja zoyeserera zoyeserera, perekani mwayi watsopano pakuwunikira kwa magazi mwachangu, kuwunikirana molimbika, kukulitsa chisamaliro chodekha komanso chogwirizira.
Pomaliza, machubu osungira machubu amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri yazaumoyo zamakono popangitsa kusanthula kolondola komanso kodalirika kwa zitsanzo za magazi kuti ziwoneke. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machubu, kapangidwe kawo, ndipo ntchito zamankhwala ndizofunikira kuti akatswiri azachipatala omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zokambirana zam'manja, kuyezetsa kwa labotale, komanso chisamaliro chokwanira. Potsatira njira zabwino za zosonkhanitsa magazi ndikumathana ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wa chubu, oyang'anira zaumoyo amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti akupereka ntchito zapamwamba komanso zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
