Kunzwisisa Kufambira mberi Kubva Precancerous Maronda Kuenda KuCancer

Kenza haiiti kamwe kamwe; asi, kutanga kwayo muitiro wapashoma napashoma unowanzobatanidza matanho matatu: precancerous lesions, carcinoma in situ (early tumors), uye invasive cancer.

Precancerous maronda anoshanda seyambiro yemuviri yekupedzisira gomarara risati ranyatsoratidza, rinomiririra mamiriro anodzoreka uye anodzoreka. Zvisinei, kana kufambira mberi uku kuchidzokera shure kana kuti kuipa kunotsamira pane zviito zvomunhu.

Chii chinonzi Precancerous Lesions?

Chekutanga, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti precancerous maronda haasi kenza; havana masero egomarara. Vanogona kutariswa sehama dzepedyo dzegomarara, paine mukana wekushanduka kuita cancer pasi pesimba renguva refu recarcinogens. Naizvozvo, ivo havana kuenzana negomarara uye havafanirwe kusanganiswa.

Iko kushanduka kubva kune precancerous maronda kuenda kugomarara chiitiko chinononoka, chinowanzotora makore akati wandei kana makumi emakore. Iyi nguva yakatarwa inopa vanhu mukana wakakwana wekupindira. Precancerous maronda anokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutapukirwa kana kuzvimba kusingaperi, mararamiro asina kunaka, uye genetic predisposition. Kuziva precancerous maronda haisi mhedzisiro yakaipa; mukana wekupindira panguva yakakodzera, kubata mamota akaipa, uye anogona kudzoserwa kumashure. Matanho akadai sekuvhiya kubvisa, kupera kuzvimba, uye kuvharika kwezvinhu zvinokurudzira zvinogona kudzoreredza maronda ekare kune yakajairika.

Haasi ese mamota anoratidza zvakajairika, zvinoonekwa zviri nyore precancerous maronda. Maronda akajairika anowanikwa mukiriniki anosanganisira:

• Kudzivirira Gomarara reGastric: Chenjerera kune Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

• Matanho ekukura: Normal gastric mucosa → Chirwere chepamusoro-soro gastritis → Chronic atrophic gastritis

• Histological shanduko: intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia

• Mhedzisiro yekupedzisira: Gomarara remudumbu

Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chisingaperi chine atrophic gastritis chinoramba chichienderera mberi kusvika kugomarara remudumbu, mamiriro asina kurapwa kana kudzokororwa (sekudhakwa kwakanyanya, bile reflux, Helicobacter pylori infection, kana kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga chaiyo) inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekenza.

Clinical zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Nausea uye kurutsa

• Abdominal distention uye kurwadziwa

• Kurasikirwa nechido

• Belching

• Kudzivirira Colorectal Cancer: Usaderedze Adenomatous Colorectal Polyps

• Matanho ekufambira mberi kwechirwere: Kenza yeColonic adenomatous colorectal → Kuzvimba muura

• Shanduko yenguva: Benign polyps kugomarara kazhinji inotora makore 5-15.

Zviratidzo zveadenomatous colorectal polyps:

• Kuwedzera ura

• Marwadzo emudumbu

• Kuzvimbirwa

• Zvituru zvine ropa

Kudzivirira Kenza Yechiropa: Ramba Wakatarisa Pachiropa Cirrhosis

Matanho ekufambira mberi: Hepatitis → Chiropa chechiropa → Gomarara reChiropa

Zvinokonzera njodzi: Vanhu vane nhoroondo yehepatitis B uye inoperekedza chiropa cirrhosis vari panjodzi huru yegomarara rechiropa.

Nzira dzekupindira:

• Kuongororwa nguva dzose: Chiropa B-ultrasound uye alpha-fetoprotein level yekuongorora mwedzi yose 3-6 kune varwere vane hepatitis B-yakabatana cirrhosis.

• Kunyatsotarisisa kwehepatitis B kudzokororwa kwehutachiona uye yakajairwa antiviral kurapa kune hepatitis B varwere.

• Mamwe matanho ekudzivirira: Kusvuta uye kunwa doro, uye kudzivirira kushanda zvakanyanya.

• Kudzivirira Kenza Yezamu: Ngwarira Atypical Breast Hyperplasia

Zvakangoitika: Zamu remazuva ose → Haipaplasia isiri-atypical → Carcinoma in situ → Hyperplasia yemazamu → Hyperplasia → Gomarara rezamu