I. Ukwaziswa kwezixhobo ze-ambilles
Ii-ambulensi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusindiseni ubomi kunye nokubonelela ngononophelo lwezonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Izixhobo ngaphakathi kwi-ambulensi zibalulekile ekuphatheni izinto ezahlukeneyo zonyango zikaxakeka.
Izixhobo ze-ambulensi ziquka uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezilungiselelwe ukujongana neemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Enye yezona ziqwengana zibaluleke kakhulu zezolula, ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha izigulana ezikhuselekileyo. Iizoli zihlala zixhotyiswe ngeebhanti zokhuseleko kunye neempawu eziguqukayo ukuqinisekisa intuthuzelo kunye nozinzo ngexesha lokuhamba.
Elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo yi-filiblillator. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ukoyikeka kombane kwintliziyo yesigulana kwimeko yobomi osongela ubomi. I-chaibrilators inokuba luphawu lokuphila kwiimeko zokubanjwa kwentliziyo, ukunyusa amathuba okusinda.
Iinkqubo zokubonelela ngeoksijini nazo zibalulekile kwii-ambulensi. Ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngeoksijini kwizigulana ezinokubandezeleka kuxinzelelo lokuphefumla okanye ezinye iimeko ezifuna ukongeza ioksijini. I-OXYYGN I-Maskis, i-Nasal Cannulas, kunye neetanki zeoksijini eziphathwayo zezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo zenkqubo yokubonelela ngeoksijini.
Ukongeza kwezi, ii-ambulensi zixhotyiswa ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinje ngeebhandi, iGaze, i-antiseptics, kunye namayeza. Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekunyangeni ukwenzakala okuncinci kunye nokuzinzisa izigulana ngaphambi kokuba zifike esibhedlele.
Ukubaluleka kwezixhobo ze-ambulensi akunakuba ngaphezulu. Kwiimeko zikaxakeka, qho kubalwa lwesibini, kwaye ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zebhodi kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kobomi nokufa. Ii-ambulensi abasebenzi baqeqeshelwa ukusebenzisa le mpahla ngempumelelo nangokufanelekileyo ukubonelela ngononophelo olufanelekileyo kwizigulana.
II. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kwii-ambulensi
(a) izixhobo zokonga ubomi
I-chaibrillator zixhobo ezonga zobomi ezibalulekileyo ezifumaneka kwii-ambulensi. Kwiimeko zokuthinjwa ngequbuliso ngequbuliso, i-fibrillator inokuhambisa ukothuka kombane ukubuyisela isingqisho sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo. Ngokutsho koPhando, i-roibribribliption yasekuqaleni inokunyusa umgangatho wokusinda ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-70. I-ventilators yenye yezixhobo ezibalulekileyo. Banceda abaguli abangakwaziyo ukuphefumla ngokwabo ngokubonelela ngokuphefumla okulawulwayo. I-Monitors, ezinje nge-electrocardiogram (i-ECG) ibeka iliso kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ngokuqhubekayo umkhondo imiqondiso ebalulekileyo yesigulana. Ezi ndawo zokubeka iliso zibonelela ngedatha yexesha lokwenyani kubasebenzi bonyango, benza ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi kunye nokulungelelanisa unyango njengoko kufuneka.
(b) Izixhobo zothutho lwezithuthi
Bolflers badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhambiseni izigulana ngokukhuselekileyo. Ziyilelwe ukuba ziqinile kodwa zikhanya, zenza kube lula ukuba abasebenzi balayishe kwaye bakhuphele izigulana. I-worsorstrs zihlala ziza nezithintelo ezinje ngemitya kunye neebhanti ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana sihlala sikhuselekile ngexesha lokuhamba. Ezi zinto zithintelayo zithintela isigulana ukuba singawi okanye sonzakala ngexesha lokuhamba ngequbuliso okanye kuyeka. Ukongeza, abanye bodwa baxhotyiswe ngeempawu ezifana neziphakamo eziguqukayo kunye nee-angles, zivumela intuthuzelo engcono yesigulana kunye nokufikelela ngokulula kwiinkqubo zonyango.
(c) Izixhobo zokuxilonga
Oomatshini bokugqibela be-ultrasound uyaqhubeka ngakumbi kwii-ambulensi. Ezi zixhobo zivumela abasebenzi bezonyango ukuba bahlole ngokukhawuleza ukwenzakala kwangaphakathi kunye neemeko. Umzekelo, banokufumana ukopha ngaphakathi, ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi, kunye nomsebenzi owenziwayo. Ezinye izixhobo zokuxilonga zinokubandakanya oomatshini be-X-ray ephathwayo kunye nohlalutyo lwegesi yegazi. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo olunokunceda ekumiseleni unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nendawo oya kuyo isigulana. Kwiimeko zikaxakeka, ukufumana ezi zixhobo zoxingolo zinokuthetha umahluko phakathi kwesiphumo esiyimpumelelo kunye netragic enye.
III. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zeemeko ezahlukeneyo
(a) Izixhobo zononophelo
Kwiimeko zokulimala kakhulu, ii-ambulensi zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zonyango ezizodwa. I-Turnitots ibalulekile ekulawuleni ukopha kakhulu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwe-darikoet kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwegazi kwaye kwandise amathuba okusinda. I-Splices ibalulekile kumathambo aqhekezayo kwaye kuthintele ngakumbi umonakalo. I-vacuum isetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa izigulana ngokulimala okuninzi, ukubonelela ngenkxaso kunye nokuthintela intshukumo enokwenza oko. Ukongeza, izixhobo zoxinzelelo zihlala zinenxeba lokuthatha inxeba eliphezulu njengeearhente ze-carimatic kunye nokunxiba okhethekileyo.
(b) Izixhobo zononophelo zeNeoatal
Kwixesha likaxakeka elisandula ukuzalwa, ii-ambulensi zixhotywe ngezixhobo zokhathalelo lweNeonatal. I-Ancunges ibonelela ngendawo elawulwayo yokuthatha ngaphambi kwexesha okanye intshabalalo esandul 'ukugula. Bagcina iqondo lobushushu elizinzileyo kunye nokufuma, nto kubalulekile ukuze sisindiswe kwaba bantu basesichengeni. Izixhobo zokuvuselela i-Neotatal, kubandakanya izixhobo ze-Bagi-Standes kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ngeoksijini, zibalulekile ekuvuseleleni i-resebons esandula kubandezelekile. I-Neonatal i-Neonatal i-Neonatal i-Neonatal inokulandelela imiqondiso ebalulekileyo efana nereyithi yentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye ne-oxygen watsion. I-isolette yezothutho isetyenziselwa ukuthutha ngokukhuselekileyo ukuthutha intshahlwa, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nendawo ezinzileyo ngexesha lothutho.
(c) Izixhobo zolawulo lwezifo ezosulelayo
Xa uphatha izigulana ezosulelayo, i-ambulensi zixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokulawula izifo. Izixhobo zokhuselo lobuqu (i-PPE) njengeigloves, iimaski, iimbambano, kunye nezihlangu zobuso zibalulekile ekukhuseleni abasebenzi bonyango. Amagumbi okuhlala ebonakalayo enokubekwa yedwa angasetyenziselwa ukuthutha abaguli ngezifo ezosulela kakhulu, ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo. Izixhobo zokubulala iintsizi, kubandakanya nezibane ze-ultraviolet kunye neentsholongwane, zisetyenziselwa ukugculela i-ambulensi emva kokuhambisa isigulana esosulelayo. La manyathelo kubalulekile ukukhusela ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo nokukhusela impilo yezigulana kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango.
Iv. Ikamva lezixhobo ze-ambulensi
Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili ngesantya esikhawulezayo, ikamva lezixhobo ze-ambulensi ijongeka lithembisa. Itekhnoloji ekhulayo inokubangela ukuphuculwa okubonakalayo kwindlela yongxamiseko.
Inkalo enye yophuhliso ikwiTeledicine. Ngokwandisa ubukho bezinethiwekhi ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu sefowuni, ii-ambulensi zinokuxhotyiswa ngeenkqubo eziphambili zonxibelelwano ezivumela abasebenzi bezonyango ukuba banxibelelane neengcali kwixesha lokwenyani. Oku kunokwenza ukuba isiphoso esichanekileyo kunye nezicwangciso zonyango kwangaphambi kokuba isigulana sifikelela esibhedlele. Umzekelo, i-paramedic kwi-ambulensi inokudlulisela ividiyo ephilayo kunye nedatha yomonde kwi-utyando loxinzelelo oluhle, onokuthi anike isikhokelo kungenelelo kwangoko.
Ubukrelekrele be-artifibificucance (i-AI) kulindeleke ukuba badlale indima enkulu kwizixhobo ze-ambulensi. Izixhobo zokuxilonga ezixhaswe ngamandla zinokuhlalutya iimpawu zesigulana kunye nemiqondiso ebalulekileyo ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu zabasebenzi. Oku kunokukhokelela kwizigqibo zonyango ngokukhawuleza kunye nezigulana eziphuculweyo. Ukongeza, i-AI ingasetyenziselwa ukukhetha iindlela ze-ambulensi ngokusekwe kwiimeko zendlela kunye nokufumaneka esibhedlele, ukunciphisa amaxesha okuphendula.
Enye itekhnoloji yokuphucula i-3D. Kwixa elizayo, ii-ambulensi zinokuthwala iiprinta ezi-3D ezinokuvelisa izixhobo zonyango zesiko kwangoko. Umzekelo, ukuba isigulana sinesaphulelo esinzima, umshicileli we-3D unokwenza i-splint yesiko okanye iphoswe ngokugqibeleleyo. Oku akunakuphucula ukuthuthuzela izigulana kuphela kodwa kunciphisa umngcipheko wengxaki.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuhambisa iimpahla zonyango kwii-ambulensi kuyaphononongwa. I-Drones inokuhambisa amayeza ayimfuneko, iimveliso zegazi, okanye i-denzibrilators kwindawo yongxamiseko, ukunciphisa amaxesha okuphendula kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokonga zobomi ziyafumaneka xa kufuneka.
Ngapha koko, ukuqhubela phambili itekhnoloji yebhetri kunokukhokelela ekuhlala ixesha elide kunye nemithombo ethembekileyo yamandla ethembekileyo yezixhobo ze-ambulensi. Oku kuyakuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezibalulekileyo zihlala zisebenza nangexesha elide lokuthuthwa okanye ukuphuma kwamandla.
Njengoko ezi teknoloji ezivelayo ziyaqhubeka nokukhulisa kwaye zivuthiwe, zinokubanakho ukuguqula inkathalo kunye nokugcina ubomi obungenakubalwa. Ukudityaniswa kwezi teknoloji kuya kufuna ukusebenzisana phakathi kweengcali kwezonyango, iinjineli, kunye nabaqulunqili ukuqinisekisa ukumiliselwa kwabo ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
