Ingabe Ukuhlanzwa Kwegazi Kuphela Nge-Hemodialysis?

Emkhakheni wokunakekelwa kwempilo yesimanje, igama elithi 'ukuhlanzwa kwegazi' livame ukuletha ezingqondweni zeziguli ezixhunywe emshinini endaweni yasesibhedlela, zithola lokho okuvame ukwaziwa ngokuthi i-hemodialysis. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanzwa kwegazi kuwumqondo obanzi kakhulu ohlanganisa amasu nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye inenjongo yayo eyingqayizivele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.

Okokuqala, ake sicacise ukuthi iyini i-hemodialysis. I-Hemodialysis inqubo esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinokwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu. Kule nqubo, igazi lesiguli lihanjiswa ngomshini obizwa ngokuthi i-dialyzer. I-dialyzer iqukethe i-membrane engakwazi ukungena kalula ehlunga udoti, uketshezi oluningi, nobuthi obusegazini. Leli gazi elihlanziwe libe selibuyiselwa emzimbeni wesiguli. I-Hemodialysis ngokuvamile yenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngesonto futhi iyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo yabantu abaningi abanesifo sezinso esifika ekupheleni.

Kodwa ukuhlanzwa kwegazi kudlula kude nje nge-hemodialysis. Enye indlela enjalo i-plasmapheresis. I-Plasmapheresis ihlanganisa ukuhlukanisa i-plasma kumaseli egazi. I-plasma, equkethe amasosha omzimba, ubuthi, nezinye izinto eziyingozi, iyakhishwa bese ithathelwa indawo i-plasma entsha noma into ebambele i-plasma. Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene ze-autoimmune, njenge-Guillain-Barré syndrome, i-myasthenia gravis, ne-lupus. Ngokususa amasosha omzimba nezinto eziyingozi ku-plasma, i-plasmapheresis ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokuthuthukisa isimo sesiguli.

Enye indlela yokuhlanza igazi i-hemoperfusion. Ku-hemoperfusion, igazi lesiguli lidlula kukholamu egcwele izinto ezikhangisayo, njengamalahle acushiwe noma inhlaka. Le nto ibopha futhi ikhiphe ubuthi nezidakamizwa egazini. I-Hemoperfusion ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimeni zokudlula izidakamizwa noma ubuthi, njengoba ingasusa ngokushesha izinto eziyingozi egazini.

Bese kuba khona i-continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). I-CRRT iwuhlobo lokuhlanzwa kwegazi olusetshenziswa ezigulini ezigula kakhulu ezinokulimala okukhulu kwezinso noma ezinye izimo ezidinga ukususwa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo engcolile kanye noketshezi. Ngokungafani ne-hemodialysis, eyenziwa ngezikhathi ezihlukene, i-CRRT iyinqubo eqhubekayo engasebenza amahora noma izinsuku. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhishwa okuthambile nokuzinzile kwemikhiqizo engcolile kanye noketshezi, okubaluleke kakhulu ezigulini ezingazinzile ngokwe-hemodynamically.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zindlela eziqondile, kukhona nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa emkhakheni wokuhlanzwa kwegazi. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye abacwaningi bahlola ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindlela ezisebenza kahle nezihlosiwe zokuhlanza igazi. Ama-nanoparticles angaklanywa ukuthi abophe ngokuqondile futhi asuse ubuthi obuthile noma amagciwane egazini, anikeze indlela yomuntu siqu yokuhlanzwa kwegazi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba izindlela zokuhlanza igazi zingaphumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni izimo ezithile, nazo ziza nezingozi. Izinkinga zingabandakanya ukopha, ukutheleleka, ukungezwani komzimba, noshintsho kumfutho wegazi. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zenziwa ngaphansi kokugadwa ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe.

Sengiphetha, ukuhlanzwa kwegazi kuyinkambu eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa okungaphezu nje kwe-hemodialysis. Kusukela ku-plasmapheresis kanye ne-hemoperfusion kuya ku-CRRT kanye nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukususa izinto eziyingozi egazini nokuthuthukisa impilo yeziguli. Njengoba ucwaningo kule ndawo luqhubeka nokuthuthuka, singalindela ukubona ngisho nangokwengeziwe izindlela ezintsha zokuhlanza igazi esikhathini esizayo, ezinikeza ithemba kulabo abahlushwa izifo nezimo ezihlukahlukene.