I. Isingeniso

Izinkinga ze-thyroid zivamile, zithinta izigidi emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ekuphathweni okusebenzayo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola izivivinyo ezibalulekile ezenziwe ukuhlola umsebenzi we-thyroid, ukusiza abantu abantu kanye nabachwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngempilo yezempilo ye-thyroid ngokunemba.

II. Ukuqonda umsebenzi we-thyroid

A. Ama-hormone we-thyroid

I-Thyroxine (T4): I-hormone eyisisekelo ekhiqizwa yindlala yegilo.

I-TriodoTothYronine (T3): Ifomu elisebenzayo le-metabolically liguqulwe kusuka ku-T4.

I-hormone evuselelayo ye-thyroid (Tsh): ekhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland, elawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-thyroid hormone.

III. Izivivinyo ze-thyroid ezijwayelekile

A. TSH Test

INJONGO: Ukukala amazinga we-TSH, kukhombisa isidingo somzimba sama-hormone e-thyroid.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile: Ngokuvamile phakathi kwamayunithi angama-0.4 kanye nama-4.0 milliyo aphesheyaliya ilitha (miu / l).

B. Mahhala T4 THER

INJONGO: Hlaziya izinga le-T4 elingathandeki, elibonisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone we-thyroid.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile: Ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-0.8 no-1.8 nanograms nge-deciliter ngayinye (ng / dl).

C. Mahhala T3 Test

INJONGO: Hlanganisa izinga le-T3 elingavunyelwe, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda kube umsebenzi we-metabolic.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile: Ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-2.3 no-4.2 Picograms nge-milliliter ngayinye (PG / ML).

IV. Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kwe-thyroid antibody

A. I-thyroid petroxidase antibodies (TPOAB) test

Injongo: Thola ama-antibodies ahlasele i-peroxidase ye-thyroid, ehambisana nezimo ze-autoimmune thyroid.

Inkomba: Amazinga aphakeme aphakamisa isifo sikaHashimoto's thyroidititis noma isifo samathuna.

B. thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAB) test

INJONGO: Khomba ama-antibodies okubhekiswe ku-thyroglobulin, amaprotheni ahilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-hormone ye-thyroid.

Inkomba: Amazinga avuthana akhombisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune thyroid.

V. Ukuhlolwa kokulingisa

A. I-thyroid ultrasound

Injongo: Khiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane ye-gland yegilo, ekhomba amaqhubu noma ama-demormaties.

Inkomba: Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukwakheka kwe-thyroid futhi kutholwe izingqinamba ezingaba khona.

B. Scan thyroid

Injongo: Kubandakanya ukujova inani elincane lezinto ezi-radioactive zokuhlola umsebenzi we-thyroid.

Inkomba: Iwusizo ekuboneni amaqhubu, ukuvuvukala, noma izindawo ze-thyroid ezisebenzayo.

VI. Inaliti Enhle Sokufisa (FNA) Biopsy

A.

Ukuxilonga: Kusetshenziselwe ukuhlola ama-nodule we-thyroid ngezimpawu ezinomdlavuza noma ezingezona ezinomdlavuza.

Isiqondisi: Ingculazi Ekunqumeni isidingo sokwelashwa okuqhubekayo noma ukuqapha.

VII. Ukwenza Nini Ukuhlolwa

A. Izimpawu

Ukukhathala okungachazwanga: ukukhathala okuphikelelayo noma ubuthakathaka.

Izinguquko zesisindo: inzuzo yesisindo engachazwanga.

Ukushintshwa kwemizwa: ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma izinguquko ekucacisweni kwengqondo.

B. Ukuhlolwa Kwendlela

Ubudala Nabesifazane: Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphezu kwama-60, bathambekele kakhulu.

Umlando Womndeni: Ubungozi obukhulayo uma izihlobo eziseduze zinokuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid.

Ukuzulazula kwezempilo ye-thyroid kubandakanya indlela ehlelekile yokuhlola, ecubungula zombili amazinga we-hormonal kanye nezinto ezingaba khona ze-autoimmune. Ukuqonda injongo nokubaluleka kokuhlolwa ngakunye kunika amandla abantu ngamunye kanye nabaqeqeshi bezempilo ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuxilongwa kanye nezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezalandela. Ukuhlolwa njalo, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanezici zobungozi, bafake isandla ekutholeni kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa okusebenzayo kwezinkinga ze-thyroid, kuqinisekisa inhlala-kahle.