I-Doppler Ultrasound inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokucabanga esetshenziswa kakhulu emithini yesimanje. Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo okusakazekile, abantu abaningi abajwayele ukuthi kuyini, ukuthi kuhluke kanjani kusuka ku-ultrasound ejwayelekile, izinhlobo zayo ezahlukahlukene, kanye nezicelo zayo kokunye okukhethekile kwezokwelapha. Le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okujulile kwe-doppler ultrasound, ukumboza izimiso zayo, izinhlobo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo, nokubaluleka kokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha.

Yini i-doppler ultrasound?

I-Doppler Ultrasound yindlela yokucabanga engahlaseli esebenzisa amagagasi azwakalayo aphezulu aqashelwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo futhi alinganise ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemikhumbi yomzimba. Ngokungafani ne-ultrasound yendabuko, eyakha khona izithombe zezakhiwo zangaphakathi, i-doppler ultrasound ihlose ngokukhethekile ukunyakaza kwegazi, kusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kanye nempilo yemithambo yegazi.

Ngabe usebenza kanjani i-dopler ultrasound?

Le ndlela isuselwa emphumeleni we-doppler, into ebizwa nge-pohticist yase-Austrian Christian Dopler. Umphumela weDoppler ubhekisele ekushintsheni kwemvamisa noma we-wavelength wamagagasi omsindo njengoba ekhombisa izinto ezinyakazayo. Ku-doppler ultrasound, amaza omsindo akhishwe yi-transducer (ithuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla elibekwe esikhunjeni) ligoqa amaseli egazi emithanjeni yegazi. Ukushintshwa imvamisa phakathi kwamagagasi omsindo futhi athole kulinganiswa futhi kusetshenziswe ukunquma ijubane nokuqondiswa kokugeleza kwegazi.

Umehluko phakathi kweDoppler Ultrasound ne-Ultrasound ejwayelekile

I-ultrasound ejwayelekile

• Ukugxila kokucabanga: I-Ultrasound ejwayelekile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-B-Mode noma imodi yokukhanya ultrasound, igxile ekwakheni izithombe ezinezitho ezimbili zezitho zangaphakathi nezicubu zangaphakathi. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukwakheka kwezitho zomzimba, imisipha kanye nama-fetus ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

• I-Sound Wave Reflection: Isebenza ngokukhipha amaza omsindo aphuma ezinhlakeni zangaphakathi, ukudala ama-echoes ahunyushelwe ezithombeni ezisuselwa ekujuleni nasesikhathini sezinsiki.

• Doppler ultrasound

• Ukugxila okusebenzayo: I-Doppler ultrasound, ngokuhlukile, yenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukukala ukuhamba kwegazi ngemikhumbi. Inikeza imininingwane mayelana ne-velocity kanye nokuqondisa kokugeleza kwegazi, okubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwempilo ye-vascular.

• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Frequency Shift: Indlela ethembela ekutholeni izinguquko emcimbini wemvamisa wamagagasi omsindo njengoba ekhombisa amaseli egazi ashukumisayo, avumela ukuhlolwa kokuguquguquka kwegazi okunamandla.

Izinhlobo zeDoppler Ultrasound

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-doppler ultrasound, izinjongo ezithile zokuhlonza:

• Umbala we-Doppler Ultrasound: Umbala we-Doppler usebenzisa ukufaka imibala ukumela ijubane nokuqondiswa kokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemikhumbi. Imibala ehlukene (imvamisa ebomvu nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka) Khombisa ukuqondiswa kokugeleza okuhlobene ne-transducer.

      Isicelo: Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa kabanzi ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yemithambo nemithambo, bakhombe ama-blockages, bese uhlola isimo sezinhliziyo.

• I-Power Doppler Ultrasound: I-Power Doppler ebucayi kakhulu kune-dopler yombala futhi ingathola ukugeleza kwegazi okuphansi. Ibonisa amandla (amplitude) wezimpawu ze-doppler ngaphandle kokukhombisa ukuqondisa, ukuhlinzeka ngezithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi yokugeleza kwegazi.

      Isicelo: I-Power DOppler ilusizo ikakhulukazi ekuboneni ukugeleza kwegazi emikhunjini emincane noma ejulile nasezithweni ezihamba kancane ngegazi, njengezinoni kanye nesibindi.

• I-Pectral Dooppler Ultrasound: I-Doppler ebonakalayo ibonisa ukugeleza kwegazi njenge-waveforms kugrafu, nge-axis evundlile emele isikhathi kanye ne-axis mpo emele velocity. Lokhu kuvumela ukulinganiswa okuqondile kwezimpawu zokugeleza kwegazi.

      Isicelo: Kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emikhunjini emikhulu nokuhlola umsebenzi we-cardiac, kufaka phakathi izinkinga ze-halve yenhliziyo nezingcindezi zenhliziyo.

• I-Ultrasound eqhubekayo ye-Doppler eqhubekayo: I-Doppler eqhubekayo ye-Doppler iqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo futhi ithola amaza omsindo, ukuvumela ukulinganisa kokugeleza kwegazi okuphezulu. Akunikezi isithombe kepha kwakha ama-waverforms abukekayo ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi.

      Isicelo: Lolu hlobo lulungele ukukala izimbali eziphakeme zegazi eziphakeme, ezinjengalezo ezitholakala ezimweni ze-stenosis enkulu ye-stenosis enzima (ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi).

• I-Duplex Ultrasound: I-Duplex Ultrasound ihlanganisa indabuko ye-B-Mode imaging nge-doppler ultrasound, ukuhlinzeka zombili izithombe ze-anatomical kanye nemininingwane yokugeleza kwegazi okusebenzayo ekuhlolweni okukodwa.

      Isicelo: Kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlola izimo ezinjenge-vein thrombosis ejulile ye-vein thrombosis, isifo se-carotid artery, kanye nesifo se-artery ePeripheral.

Izicelo zeDoppler Ultrasound

I-Doppler Ultrasound isetshenziswa ngaphesheya kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezokwelapha ngenxa yekhono layo lokuhlinzeka ngolwazi olubucayi mayelana nokugeleza kwegazi kanye nempilo ye-vascular. Nazi ezinye zezicelo ezibalulekile:

• I-cardiology

• Umsebenzi Wenhliziyo: I-Doppler Ultrasound ihlola umsebenzi wenhliziyo ngokulinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi ngamakamelo ezinhliziyo nama-valves. Kuyasiza ukuthola izimo ze-halve stenosis, ukusulwa, nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

• Izinhliziyo zokuzalwa kwenhliziyo: Kubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwezinhliziyo zokuzalwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa nezingane, okuvumela ukungenelela kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.

• Umuthi we-Vascular

• Isifo se-artery ePeripheral

• Isifo se-artery ye-carotid: sihlola imithambo ye-carotid entanyeni, enikezela ngegazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuboneni kokuqhekeka okungaholela emivilweni.

• Ama-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology

• Ukuqapha kwe-Fetal: I-Doppler Ultrasound iqapha ukugeleza kwegazi e-umbilical artery neminye imikhumbi yengane, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ithola ukunikezwa kwegazi okwanele kanye nomoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

• Umsebenzi we-Placental: Ihlola ukugeleza kwegazi kukaPlacenta ukuthola izimo ezinjenge-preclampsia kanye nokuvinjelwa kokukhula kwe-intrauterine (IUGR).

• IrediyoOloKU

• Izifo zesibindi nezinso: I-Doppler Ultrasound ihlole ukugeleza kwegazi esibindini nasezinso, kusiza ekutholeni izimo ezinjengesibindi se-cirrhosis, i-porttension ye-porttension, kanye ne-renal artery stenosis.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tumor: Kuyasiza ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwama-tumors aphezulu nangobubi ngokuhlaziya amaphethini wokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

• I-neurology

• I-Transcranial DOPPLER: Lolu hlobo oluthile lwe-doppler ultrasound lulinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi ema-arteries engqondo, kusiza ukuthola izimo ezifana ne-vasospasm ngemuva kokuphazamiseka kwe-subarachnoid nokunye ukuphahlazeka kwe-vocaAsculaid.

Izinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo ye-doppler ultrasound

• Izinzuzo

• Okungahlangene futhi kuphephile: I-Doppler Ultrasound iyindlela engeyona eyayihlaselayo, okwenza kuphephe ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuchayeka emisebeni ye-Ionizing.

• Ukucabanga kwangempela: Inikeza izithombe zesikhathi sangempela kanye nemininingwane esebenzayo, evumela ukuhlolwa ngokushesha nokuxilongwa.

• Okubizayo: Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-modalies e-MRI noma i-CT, iDoppler Ultrasound ibiza kakhulu futhi itholakala kabanzi.

• Ukuguquguquka: I-Doppler Ultrasound iguquguqukayo, iyasebenza ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba kanye nobubanzi bezimo zokwelashwa.

• Ukulinganiselwa

• Ukuncika kwe-opharetha: Ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi ye-doppler ultrasound kuncike kakhulu kwikhono kanye nesipiliyoni somuntu.

• Ukungena okulinganiselwe: Kungaba nobunzima bokucabanga ngezimpawu ezijulile noma okufihliwe yithambo noma umoya.

• Izici zesiguli: ukunyakaza kwesineke, ukukhuluphala, nezinye izinto kungathinta ikhwalithi yezithombe nezilinganiso.

• Ukuhumusha okuyinkimbinkimbi: Ukuhunyushwa kwezimpawu zeDoppler kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kanye nesipiliyoni, ngoba kufaka phakathi ukuhlaziya amaphethini wokugeleza kanye nokugeleza.

Izinkomba zesikhathi esizayo ku-doppler ultrasound

Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa amakhono kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-doppler ultrasound:

Ukucabanga okungama-doppler enobukhulu obuthathu

Ukuhlaziywa okuzenzakalelayo: Ukuthuthuka ku-software kanye ne-intelligence yokufakelwa kuholela ekuhlaziyweni okuzenzakalelayo kwezimpawu ze-doppler, kunciphisa ukuncika kokusebenzisa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuvumelana.

Amadivayisi weDoppler aphathekayo: Ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi we-doppler ephathelwe futhi aphathwa ngesandla kwenza kube lula ukwenza umbhede nokuhlolwa kokunakekelwa kwe-point-of-care, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude nezingavikeleki.

I-Doppler Ultrasound iyithuluzi elibalulekile emthini wanamuhla, linikeza imininingwane eningiliziwe ekuhambeni kwegazi kanye nempilo ye-vascular elengayo i-ultrasound ejwayelekile ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka. Izinhlobo zayo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi umbala, amandla, ukubonwa okubonakalayo, i-wave eqhubekayo, kanye ne-duplex doppler, ngalinye lisebenza ngezinhloso ezithile zokuxilonga ezinhlosweni eziningi zezokwelapha. Ngenkathi inomkhawulo othile, izinzuzo ze-doppler ultrasound, njengokungahlaseli, isikhathi sangempela, futhi kungabizi, kwenze ingxenye ebalulekile yokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuqonda izimiso zika-Doppler Ultrasound, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezinkomba zesikhathi esizayo kusiza ukwazisa indima yayo ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukunakekelwa kweziguli kanye nemiphumela.