Iyini i-Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

I-Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) iyigciwane lesandulela ngculaza eliwumndeni wakwaParamyxoviridae, elaqala ukukhonjwa ngo-2001. Lesi sihloko sihlinzeka ngemininingwane nge-HMPV, okuhlanganisa izici zayo, izimpawu, ukudluliselwa, ukuxilongwa, namasu okuvimbela.

I. Isingeniso se-Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

I-HMPV igciwane le-RNA elinomucu owodwa elithinta ngokuyinhloko isimiso sokuphefumula, okubangela izifo zemigudu yokuphefumula kusukela ezimpawu ezibandayo ezingathi sína kuya ezifweni ezinzima zokuphefumula eziphansi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, abantu abadala, kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

II.Izimpawu ze-Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

I-HMPV yabelana ngokufana namanye amagciwane okuphefumula njenge-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) kanye ne-influenza virus, okunikela ekhonweni layo lokubangela ukugula kokuphefumula kubantu.Ibonisa ukuhlukahluka kofuzo, nezinhlobo eziningi ezizungeza umhlaba wonke.

III.Izimpawu ze-HMPV Infection

Izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-HMPV zifana nalezo zamanye amagciwane okuphefumula futhi zingafaka:

• Ikhala eligijimayo noma eligcwele ikhala

• Ukukhwehlela

• Umphimbo obuhlungu

• Imfiva

• Ukuhefuzela

• Ukuphelelwa umoya

• Ukukhathala

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane noma abantu abanezimo zempilo ezingaphansi, ukutheleleka kwe-HMPV kungaholela kunyumoniya noma i-bronchiolitis.

IV.Ukudluliswa kwe-HMPV

I-HMPV isakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula lapho umuntu onaleli gciwane ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma.Ingasakazeka nangokuthinta indawo noma izinto ezitheleleke ngegciwane bese uthinta umlomo, ikhala, noma amehlo.

V. Ukuxilongwa Kokutheleleka kwe-HMPV

Ukuxilongwa kwe-HMPV ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kuhilela:

Ukuhlolwa Komtholampilo: Abahlinzeki bezempilo bahlola izimpawu zesiguli kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) noma ukuhlola kokutholwa kwe-antigen kungathola ukuba khona kwe-HMPV ezibonelweni zokuphefumula (amakhala noma ama-swabs omphimbo, isikhwehlela).

VI.Ukuvimbela Ukutheleleka kwe-HMPV

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zokunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka nge-HMPV zifaka:

• Ukuhlanzeka Kwezandla: Ukugeza izandla njalo ngensipho namanzi noma usebenzisa isibulali magciwane.

• Ukuhlanzeka Kokuphefumula: Ukuvala umlomo nekhala ngethishu noma ngendololwane lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula.

• Ukugwema Ukusondelana Okuseduze: Ukunciphisa ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo.

• Ukugoma: Nakuba ungekho umgomo oqondise ngokuqondile i-HMPV, ukugonywa komkhuhlane kanye nezifo ze-pneumococcal kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezivela ezifweni zokuphefumula.

VII.Isiphetho

I-Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) iyigciwane elibalulekile lokuphefumula elihlotshaniswa nezifo zokuphefumula kusukela komnene kuye kokuqina.Ukuqonda izici zayo, izimpawu, imizila yokudlulisela, ukuxilongwa, kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela kubalulekile ekuphatheni ngempumelelo nasekulawuleni izifo ezihlobene ne-HMPV.Ukuqapha ekwenzeni inhlanzeko enhle nokusebenzisa amasu okuvimbela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwe-HMPV futhi kuvikele abantu ngabanye ezifweni zokuphefumula.