Chowunikira mpweya wamagazi chimatanthawuza chida chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito maelekitirodi kuyeza acid-base (pH), kuthamanga pang'ono kwa carbon dioxide (PCO2) ndi kupanikizika pang'ono kwa mpweya (PO2) mu mtsempha wamagazi mu nthawi yochepa.