Emhlabeni ovelayo womuthi wanamuhla, ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo kumi phambili kokubambisana okuguqukayo: Oyedwa phakathi kodokotela ohlinzayo nomshini. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, imishini yokuhlinzwa yamathambo ye-orthopedic yenze intuthuko emangalisayo. Kodwa-ke, akekho owayeguqukayo njengokuhlanganiswa kwamarobhothi ama-Orthopedic Surgery emakamelweni okusebenza. Kunakude nokubuyisela isandla somuntu, amarobhothi okuhlinza ama-orthopedic amathuluzi awo awona awo akhuthazayo akhulisa amakhono ahlinzayo. Bathuthukisa ukunemba, futhi ekugcineni bathuthukise imiphumela yeziguli, ukuvula inkathi entsha yokubambisana kweRoma-Robot egumbini elisebenzayo (noma).
1. Ukunemba kuhlangana nobungcweti bomuntu
Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamarobhothi okuhlinza ama-Orthopedic amandla awo ukuhlinzeka ngeso lengqondo elinemininingwane ye-3D elidlulela kude kakhulu lokho okushiwo iso lomuntu. Ukucabanga okusebenzayo (isib., I-CT, i-MRI), kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nedatha yesikhathi sangempela, kudala imodeli enemininingwane eminingi, esebenzisana ne-anatomy yesiguli, evumayo ukuhlola ukuqondanisa okuhlangene, noma amaphethini we-flacture ngesikhathi sangempela. Izinqubo zama-Orthopedic - ikakhulukazi ukushintshwa okuhlangene kanye nokuhlinzwa komgogodla - ukufunwa ukunemba. Amamilimitha angenza umehluko phakathi kokululama okuphumelelayo nokungaphatheki kahle.
Kodwa-ke, irobhothi alisebenzi ngokuzimele. Ngemuva kokuthi irobhothi lidale imodeli eningiliziwe, exhumana, odokotela abahlinzayo bachaza uhlelo lokugcina lokuhlinzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho irobhothi lisiza ekwenziseni uhlelo ngokunemba okuphezulu kunomuntu.
2. Ukuqina nokunemba kukho konke ukunyakaza
Lapho nje esezilobeni noma, amarobhothi anika amandla ukuma okuzinzile nokuqondile ukuthi ngisho nesandla esiqinile somuntu singalwela ukulondolozwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekuhlinzweyo kwendabuko kwamathambo, odokotela abahlinzayo bathembela ekuxhumaneni kwamehlo ngesandla kanye nememori yemisipha ukuze balondoloze ukuqina kokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, izinqubo ezinde zingaholela ekukhathaleni ngesandla, futhi ngisho namashifu amancane ekukhuliseni kokubekezela kungahlehlisa ukunemba. Ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo kuvame ukudinga ukunemba kwezinga le-millimeter - ngokwesibonelo, ukuphambuka kwe-1-2 mm ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwesikulufu se-spinal kungalimaza ukulimala kwezinzwa. Ngokufanayo, ukungaphatheki kahle okuncane ezinhlangeni ezihlanganisiwe ngokubuyiselwa kungathinta ngokuqondile ukuhamba okusebenzayo kanye nomsebenzi. Ingalo ye-robot ye-robot, iqondiswa yimodeli eningiliziwe futhi esebenzayo kanye nokulandela umkhondo wesikhathi sangempela, kuqeda ukuguquguquka okungaphansi kwemilindo. Ibamba amathuluzi aqinile futhi alandela izindlela ezakhiwe ngaphambilini ngokunemba kweminyaka engaphansi.
3. Yehlisa ukukhathala kweSurgeon: umlingani wezinqubo ezinde
Izinqubo ezinde zama-orthopedic, ezinjengezindawo ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisiwe noma ukuhlinzwa komgogodla, kungafunwa ngokomzimba. Ukugcina isandla esiqinile futhi kugxile ngenkathi kuncike etafuleni elisebenzayo amahora amaningi kungaholela ekukhathaleni kwemisipha, okuthinta ngokucophelela ukusebenza. Lapha, irobhothi liba ngumngane womzimba ngokuthatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo noma ekhokha intela yomzimba. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kwedolo, irobhothi lisingatha kabusha amathambo anembile ngenkathi abaqaphi abahlinzayo bese beqondisa inqubo. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sodokotela ohlinzayo ukuze kugcinwe okuqinile kwezindawo eziqinile zezikhathi ezeluliwe, kuvumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi alondoloze amandla engqondo nangokomzimba ngezinqumo ezibucayi kuphela udokotela ohlinzayo kuphela ongenza. Ngokunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba, odokotela abahlinzayo bangahlala bagxile futhi banesisindo esincane ngokomzimba, baqinisekise ukuthi ngisho nezinyathelo zokugcina zenziwa ngokunakekelwa okufanayo neyokuqala.
4. Fundela ijika lokufunda
Izinqubo eziyizinkomo eziyizinkomo eziyinkimbinkimbi zivame ukuba nama-curve wokufunda, edinga iminyaka yokuqeqeshwa. Isibonelo, ekuhlinzweni okuhlangene kwendabuko, odokotela abahlinzayo abancane ngokuvamile badinga amacala angama-50-100 wezinto ezihlangenwe nakho ukuze akwazi kahle amasu. Amarobhothi, asebenza njenge- 'mentor ' kodokotela abahlinzayo abasebancane, bashintsha lokhu ngokunikeza impendulo yesikhathi sangempela, izexwayiso zephutha, nokuzilibazisa okulungiselelwe kabusha kusetshenziswa idatha ekhethekile. Kodwa-ke, akukhona ukuthi kuthathe indawo okuhlangenwe nakho okulondolozwe kanzima - Kumayelana nokusebenzisa amarobhothi ukudlula ulwazi oluhlinzayo olushayelwe ngokushesha, kuguqula ubuchwepheshe babo bokuhlinzwa kube amakhono azokwakha kabusha asheshe athuthukise amakhono athambekele ekusheleleni. Ngisho kodokotela abahlinzayo abanolwazi, bamukela amasu amasha - njengokuhlinzwa okuncane okuhlaselayo - kuba lula ngokusekelwa kwe-robot. Ibavumela ukuba bazijwayeze futhi bahlaziye indlela ngendlela elawulwayo, benciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze babe nekhono. Akugcini nje ngokuzuzisa odokotela abahlinzayo abathile kodwa futhi kusiza ukulinganisa ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa okujwayelekile ezikhungweni, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iziguli eziningi zinokufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphakeme.
5. Khuphula ngokuzethemba
Mhlawumbe inzuzo engaphatheki kahle kunazo zonke yokusebenza ngamarobhothi okuhlinza ama-Orthopedic ukuthuthuka ngokuzethemba (odokotela abahlinzayo neziguli) bayakunikeza. Lapho udokotela ohlinzayo ethi irobhothi lisiza ukuzulazula i-anatomy eyinkimbinkimbi ngokunemba, konke ukunyakaza kodokotela ohlinzayo kungazinziswa. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho udokotela ohlinzayo ekwazi ukuthi irobhothi lihlinzeka ngempendulo yesikhathi sangempela ukuqondisa lesi sinqumo, uzogxila ngokuphelele ekwahluleleni emtholampilo. Ikakhulu emacaleni aphezulu aphezulu - anjengezimo ezinzima, izibuyekezo, noma ama-ordopedics ezingane, irobhothi livumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi asondelene nezinselelo ezinzima, azi ukuthi ihlinzeka ngamasheke amaphutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli, nazo, zibona ukuhlinzwa okuyisizwe ngamabongo njengokusika-umphetho, ukukhuthaza ukwethembana eqenjini labo lokunakekela.
Ikusasa elisebenzisanayo, hhayi ukuthathwa kwamarobhothi
Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi amarobhothi okuhlinza ama-Orthopedic angamathuluzi aklanyelwe ukusebenzisana nodokotela abahlinzayo, hhayi esikhundleni sawo. Baswele amandla okuhumusha izinkomba zemitholampilo ezihlekisayo, ukuzivumelanisa nokutholakele okungalindelekile, noma zenze izinqumo zokuziphatha nezokwelashwa. Ukuzimisela kwecebo lokugcina lokugcina, ukuhlolwa kokuphendula kwe-intraperital, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinkinga ezingalindelekile kuhlala kungumuntu ngokuphelele.
Lokhu kungumongo wokubambisana komuntu weRobhothi: Ukuhlanganisa ukuqonda kwabantu kanye nobungcweti ngokunemba kwamarobhothi nokukhuthazela. Kungubambiswano olwachaza kabusha amazinga wokunakekelwa - hhayi ngokunciphisa indima kadokotela ohlinzayo, kodwa ngokuyiphakamisa.
Ubheke phambili
Esikhathini esizayo, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eqhubekayo ingahlomisa amarobhothi okuhlinza ngamandla amakhulu, njengokuhlanganiswa kwe-AI okuthuthukisiwe, ukuhlinzwa okukude ngokubambisana kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso komuntu uqobo. Kodwa-ke ifilosofi eyinhloko ihlala ingashintshiwe: amandla odokotela abahlinzayo ukuletha imiphumela engcono, abanezinkinga ezimbalwa nokuvumelana okukhulu.
Imicabango yokugcina
Ekuphetheni, amarobhothi okuhlinzwa omoya ama-Orthopedic achaze kabusha okungenzeka enkundleni yomoya yokuhlinzwa yamathambo ngokunika amandla odokotela abahlinzayo ngokubona okungcono, ukunemba, ukusekelwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuzethemba. Bamele ikusasa lokuhlinzwa kwamathambo - hhayi njengabafowabo bokuma, kepha njengabalingani abathembekile abavumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuba alethe ukunakekelwa okuphephile, okusebenzayo.
