Uyini umshini we-CT SCAN? Umhlahlandlela ophelele

Uma uke waya esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngenkinga yezokwelapha, kunethuba elihle oke wahlangabezana naye nomshini we-CT SCAN. Leli thuluzi eliphakeme lokucabanga lezobuchwepheshe lidlala indima ebalulekile emthini wanamuhla, ukusiza odokotela ukuthola imibono enemininingwane yalokho okwenzeka ngaphakathi komzimba. Kepha yini ngempela umshini we-CT SCAN? Isebenza kanjani? Noma kungani kubalulekile emthini wanamuhla? Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzokuhamba ngezinto ezibalulekile zemishini ye-CT SCAN: kusuka kulokho abayikho nokuthi basebenzela kanjani ezinhlelweni zabo kanye nezicelo.

 

I. Uyini umshini we-CT SCAN?

Umshini we-CT SCAN, owaziwa nangokuthi ikati (ikhompiyutha ye-axial tomography), iyithuluzi eliguqukayo eliguquguqukayo elihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray ngokucutshungulwa kwekhompyutha okuyinkimbinkimbi.

 

II. Umehluko phakathi kwemishini ye-X-ray yendabuko nemishini ye-CT SCAN

	Imishini ye-X-ray yendabuko	Imishini ye-CT SCAN
Ubuchwepheshe	Isebenzisa ugongolo olulodwa lwe-x-ray	Isebenzisa imishayo yokujikeleza kwe-x-ray kanye nabatholi abaningi
Uhlobo lwesithombe	2D (Flat, njengesithombe)	Isigaba sesigaba (izingcezu ze-2D)
Izinga lemininingwane	Ukulungiswa okuphansi, kukhombisa imininingwane eyisisekelo kuphela mayelana nesakhiwo samathambo nezinye izicubu ezithambile	Izithombe ezinesinqumo esiphakeme ezinikezela ngemibono eningiliziwe yamathambo, izicubu ezithambile nezitho zomzimba
Scan isikhathi	Ngokushesha (imizuzwana embalwa kuphela)	Isikhathi eside (imvamisa imizuzu eminingana)
Umthamo wemisebe	Ngokuvamile ephansi	Ephakeme ngenxa yokuvezwa okuningi
Khokhisa	Ukuthenga okuphansi kanye nezindleko zokusebenza	Ukuthengwa okuphezulu kanye nezindleko zokusebenza
Izicelo ezijwayelekile	Amathambo aphukile, izivivinyo zamazinyo, isifuba ama-x-ray	Ukucatshangelwa okuningiliziwe kwezitho zangaphakathi, ama-tumors, imithambo yegazi, ubuchopho
Isidingo sendawo	-Hlangene endaweni encane	Idinga igumbi elikhudlwana

      

III. Ngabe umshini we-CT SCAN usebenza kanjani?

Umgomo osebenzayo womshini we-CT SCAN ohlanganisa ama-X-ray. Nansi i-step-step ye-step eyenziwe lula yokuthi umshini we-CT Scan usebenza kanjani:

1. Ukujikeleza kwe-X-ray

Isiguli sibekwe etafuleni elinenjini elihamba kancane lingena ekuvulekeni okuyindilinga komshini we-CT Scan. I-X-ray tube iyaqhubeka ijikeleza emzimbeni wesiguli, ikhipha ama-X-ray.

2. I-X-RAY PRETET

Imisebe ye-X ikhishwe kwi-X-ray tube idlula emzimbeni. Le misebe ye-X idonswa izicubu ezahlukahlukene ngamanani ahlukahlukene (izicubu eziminyene zidonsa eminye imisebe yama-x). Isethi yokuthola imishini, ebekwe ohlangothini oluphambene lwe-X-ray tube, ithumba ama-X-ray adlula emzimbeni.

3. Ukuguqulwa kwedatha

Isethi yokutholwa iguqula lezi zimpawu ze-X-ray zibe amasiginali kagesi, azodluliselwa kwikhompyutha. Ikhompyutha ithola lezi zimpawu zikagesi futhi icubungule ukuthi idale izithombe ezinemininingwane e-cross-purson yesigaba noma 'izingcezu. '

4. I-3D Image Ukwakhiwa kabusha

Lezi zingcezu ngazinye zihlanganiswa zibe ngumfanekiso onezici ezintathu zomzimba, okuvumela isakhiwo se-radiologist ukuze sihlaziye izitho kanye nezicubu ezijulile.

 

IV. Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zemishini ye-CT SCAN

Imishini ye-CT SCAN inikezela ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezibenza zibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwanamuhla. Ezinye zezinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

1. I-High-Resolution Imfanekiso

Enye yezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu yikhono labo lokuhlinzeka ngezithombe eziphezulu. Bangathola imininingwane emincane kakhulu ye-anatomical kanye nokuhlukunyezwa. Isibonelo, ekuhlolweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu, imishini yokuskena ye-CT ikwazi ukuthola ama-nodule amancane nje kumamilimitha ambalwa, angatholakali ngemishini yendabuko ye-X-ray. Lezi zithombe zesinqumo esiphakeme zivumela odokotela ukuthi babone ngokucacile izakhiwo zangaphakathi zezitho zomzimba, ukusiza ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa okunembile kwezimo ezahlukahlukene.

2. Ijubane nokusebenza kahle

I-CT SCRAN, imvamisa yenziwa ngemizuzu nje embalwa, ishesha kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokucabanga ezifana ne-MRIS. Kuyinzuzo enkulu, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinobunzima bokuhlala zisezikhathi ezinde noma ezinezimo ezithile zokwelashwa.

3. Imininingwane ephelele

Imishini ye-CT SCAN ingakhiqiza izithombe zesigaba sokuhlinzeka ngombono ophelele wezinhlaka zangaphakathi zesiguli, ukusiza odokotela ngeso lengqondo izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengezinto zegazi, amathambo nezitho zomzimba, ukuze uthole ukutholakala okunembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zithombe zesigaba sesigaba zingahlanganiswa zibe yimodeli enezici ezintathu. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlela ukuhlinzwa kanye nama-biopsies. Imodeli enobukhulu obuthathu isiza odokotela ngeso lengqondo indawo ngqo yokuhlukunyezwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo zenziwa ngokunemba.

 

V. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha zemishini ye-CT SCAN

Imishini ye-CT SCAN ingamathuluzi asemqoka ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethekile zezokwelapha. Ezinye izinhlelo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

1. Ukutholwa komdlavuza nokuqapha

Ekuhlolweni komdlavuza, imishini ye-CT SCAN ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthola umdlavuza ezithweni ezahlukahlukene, njengamaphaphu, isibindi, amanyikwe, kanye nezinso. Ngesikhathi sokubhekwa komdlavuza noma ngemuva kokwelashwa, imishini yokuskena ye-CT isetshenziselwa ukulandelela inqubekela phambili yomdlavuza, ukusiza odokotela ukuthi bahlole isimila siyancipha noma basakazeka.

2. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo senhliziyo

I-CT Aingography (CTA) iyindlela ekhethekile ye-CT imaging esetshenziselwa ukuhlola impilo ye-Cardiovascular. Kuyasiza izazi zenhliziyo zithola izimo zenhliziyo, ama-blockages ema-arteries we-coronary, kanye ne-aneuryysms ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlinzwa okuhlaselayo.

3. Ukuxilongwa kwezifo ze-neurological

E-neurology, imishini ye-CT SCAN isetshenziselwa ukuthola izimo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nobuchopho kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, olufana nokulimala kobuchopho, ukulimala kobuchopho, ukulimala kobuchopho obuhlungu (i-TBI). Bangasiza ama-neurologists ahlukanise izinhlobo eziphambili zezifo (isib. I-Ischemic stroke kanye ne-hemorrhagic stroke), ahlole ubukhulu bezifo (isib.

4. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sama-orthopedic

Kuma-Orthopedics, imishini yokuskena ye-CT ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola izingqinamba namathambo, njengokuphazamiseka kwamathambo, ukuphazamiseka okuhlangene, ukuphazamiseka kwamathambo (kokubili okuyisimangaliso). Basiza futhi ekuhleleni ama-orwopedic ahlinzwa futhi baqaphe inqubo yokuphulukisa.

I-5. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Trauma nokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo

Ekamelweni eliphuthumayo, lapho umzuzwana ngamunye ebalulekile, imishini ye-CT Scan isebenza njengamathuluzi aphambili wokuxilonga wamacala abuhlungu. Bangakwazi ukuthola ngokushesha ukulimala okusongela impilo okungenzeka kungabonakali ngaphandle, njengokuphuma kwangaphakathi, ukulimala kwezitho, ukuqhekeka, izimo eziphuthumayo zezinzwa, kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zesisu.

 

VI. Izingozi kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemishini ye-CT SCAN

Ngenkathi umshini we-CT SCAN uwusizo olukhulu ekuxilongayo kwezokwelapha, anezingozi ezithile ezingase zihlobene nokuvezwa kwemisebe. Nakhu ukucatshangelwa okumbalwa:

1. Ukuvezwa kwemisebe

Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-CT SCAN kuhlanganisa ngokuphelele ama-X-ray, okuyindlela yemisebe ye-ioniziting. Imisebe ye-Ionizing inamandla okulimaza i-DNA kumaseli, okuthi emacaleni angavamile angaholela engcupheni enkulu yezemisebe yezempilo ehlobene nemisebe, efana nomdlavuza, esikhathini eside. Yize umthamo wemisebe esuka kwi-Scan eyodwa ye-CT iskena esisezingeni eliphansi, esiphindaphindwayo noma esingadingekile singakhulisa ukuvezwa komuntu kokuphila kwemisebe. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo ze-CT SCANns zivame ukwedlula ubungozi, ikakhulukazi lapho zibalulekile ekuhlolweni noma ekuphatheni izimo ezinkulu.

2. Kukhethekile abantu abakhethekile

Amaqembu athile abantu adinga ukunakwa okukhethekile uma kukhulunywa nge-CT Scans. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayisibonelo esikhulu. Ukukhathazeka okuyisisekelo ukuthi imisebe evela kwi-CT SCANS ingathinta ingane ethuthukayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala. Ukuvezwa kwemisebe kungaholela ekulimaleni kokuzalwa, imikhawulo yokukhula, umdlavuza wezingane, noma ngisho nokuphuphuma kwesisu ezimweni ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi izinzuzo zikwedlule ngokusobala ubungozi obusesimweni esisongela impilo ngonina noma isibeletho, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele ngokuvamile bavikele ukuskena kwe-CT, ikakhulukazi esiswini noma i-pelvis. Amasu ahlukile wokucabanga, anjenge-ultrasound noma i-MRI, ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa iziguli ezikhulelwe.

3. Ama-Proverst Agents

Ama-ejenti wokuqhathanisa (amadayi) asetshenziswa kwezinye izikena ze-CT ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwemithambo yegazi, izitho kanye nezicubu ezingejwayelekile. Ngenkathi zibalulekile ukwenza ngcono ukunemba kokuhlonza, zidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona. Ukukhathazeka okuyisisekelo kufaka phakathi ukusabela komzimba, okungahluka kusuka ekushisweni okuncane kwe-anaphylaxis, nobuthi bezinso - ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinokulimazeka kwama-renal okukhona kwangaphambili. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuhlolwa ngokuphelele, okuhilelekile ngokubukeza umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kuma-allergies, isifuba somoya, umsebenzi wezinso, kanye nemithi yesifo sikashukela, kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwemithi yezoshukela, kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwemithi yezoshukela.

 

VII. Ukugcina

Imishini ye-CT SCAN yitshenti lemithi yesimanje yokuxilonga. Bakhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane enemininingwane, elesigaba sezinhlaka zangaphakathi zomzimba, ukusiza odokotela ukuthi bahlole futhi baphathe izimo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ebumcabangweni kuya kumdlavuza. Ngaphandle kwezingozi ezingaba khona ezihambisana nokuvezwa kwemisebe, izinzuzo zemishini ye-CT SCRANCE ngokuya ngesinqumo esiphezulu, ijubane elisheshayo, futhi imininingwane ebanzi yenza kube yithuluzi elibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.