Ama-Ventilator: Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokusekela Impilo

Emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ama-ventilators adlala indima ebalulekile njengethuluzi lezokwelapha elisekela impilo. Zenzelwe ukusiza iziguli ezingakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwazo noma ezidinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kokuphefumula.

I-ventilator isebenza ngokulawula inqubo yokuphefumula. Inikeza isiguli umoya-mpilo odingekayo futhi isiza ekukhipheni isikhutha. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle komzimba nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izitho ezibalulekile zithola umoya-mpilo owanele.

Egunjini labagula kakhulu (ICU), ama-ventilators angamathuluzi abalulekile okugcina izimpilo zeziguli ezigula kakhulu. Lapha, iziguli ezinokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuphefumula, njengalezo eziphethwe inyumoniya, ukulimala kwamaphaphu, noma ezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, zithembele kuma-ventilators ukuze zibagcine bephila. I-ventilator ithatha umsebenzi wokuphefumula, ivumela umzimba ukuba uphumule futhi uphulukise.

Egunjini lokuhlinza futhi, ezinye iziguli zingadinga ukwesekwa kwe-ventilator ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekuhlinzeni okuyinkimbinkimbi okudinga ukulaliswa kwezinzwa okuvamile, njengoba imithi yokubulala izinzwa ingacindezela i-reflex yokuphefumula yesiguli.

Abelaphi abaphefumulayo badlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwama-ventilators. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokusetha nokulungisa imingcele ye-ventilator ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sithola ukwesekwa okufanele kokuphefumula. Lokhu kudinga ukuqonda okujulile kwesimo sesiguli kanye nekhono le-ventilator. Abelaphi bokuphefumula nabo baqaphe ngokucophelela isimo sesiguli futhi benze izinguquko ezifika ngesikhathi ohlelweni lokwelapha ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphefumula yesiguli kanye nempilo yonke.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-ventilators: i-invasive kanye ne-non-invasive. Ama-ventilators ahlaselayo ahlinzeka ngokusekela kokuphefumula ngokusebenzisa i-tracheal intubation noma i-tracheostomy. Lezi zivame ukusetshenziselwa iziguli ezigula kakhulu futhi ezingakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwazo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-ventilators angavaleli ahlinzeka ngosizo ngemaski. Zifanele iziguli eziqaphelayo futhi ezikwazi ukubambisana.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-ventilator ubandakanya izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuhogela kanye nokukhipha umoya. Phakathi nesigaba sokuhogela, i-ventilator inikeza ingcindezi enhle ukusiza isiguli sihogele umoya. Lokhu kucindezela kulawulwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inani elifanele lomoya-mpilo lihanjiswa emaphashini. Phakathi nesigaba sokukhipha umoya, ukucindezela kuyehla, okuvumela isiguli noma umshini wokuphefumula ukuba usize ukukhipha isikhutha.

Amapharamitha we-ventilator angalungiswa ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zesiguli ngasinye. Ivolumu ye-tidal isho inani lomoya elinikezwa isiguli ngokuphefumula ngakunye. Imvamisa yokuphefumula inombolo yokuphefumula ngomzuzu. Isilinganiso sokudonsa umoya nesikhathi sokukhipha umoya siyipharamitha ebalulekile engalungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokuphefumula.

Kubelaphi bokuphefumula nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo, imfundo nokuqeqeshwa ngokusetshenziswa kwama-ventilator kubalulekile. Izifundo ezikhethekile zibafundisa izimiso zokusebenza nezindlela zokusebenza zama-ventilators. Ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo ngokulingisa nokuzijwayeza komtholampilo kubasiza ukuba babe nekhono ekusebenziseni ama-ventilators kanye nokusingatha izimo ezihlukahlukene.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nentuthuko enkulu kubuchwepheshe be-ventilator. Ama-ventilators ahlakaniphile ahlanganiswe nama-algorithms ahlakaniphile angalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha ngokusekelwe emaphethini okuphefumula esiguli. Lokhu akuthuthukisi ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kuphela kodwa futhi kunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi wochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha okukude bubuye buvumele ukugadwa nokulawulwa kude kwama-ventilators, okuvumela abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi balandelele isimo sesiguli noma sikude.

Ngokuqondene namathuba emisebenzi, abelaphi bokuphefumula bangasebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene njengezibhedlela, kuhlanganise ne-ICU, igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo, negumbi lokuhlinza. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya ezigulini ezidinga ukwesekwa kokuphefumula kwesikhathi eside.

Uma sibheka ikusasa, ubuchwepheshe be-ventilator kulindeleke ukuthi bube bomuntu siqu. Izinhlelo zokwelapha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezisekelwe esimweni esithile sesiguli zizothuthukiswa, zinikeze ukwesekwa kokuphefumula okuqondiswe kakhulu futhi okusebenzayo. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha obukude, ukusetshenziswa nokuphathwa kwama-ventilators kuzoba lula nakakhulu, okuvumela ukunakekelwa okungcono kweziguli kungakhathalekile ukuthi zikuphi.

Sengiphetha, ama-ventilators ayimishini ebalulekile yokusekela impilo. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo okufanele kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.