Nthambi: Zida zofunika za moyo

M'munda wazaumoyo, mpweya wabwino umakhala ndi gawo lofunikira monga chida chachipatala. Adapangidwa kuti athandize odwala omwe sangathe kupuma pawokha kapena amafunikira thandizo lowonjezera.

Vetilamu imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yopuma. Imapereka mpweya wabwino kwa wodwalayo ndipo amathandizira kuchotsa mpweya woipa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino ndikuonetsetsa kuti ziwalo zofunikazi zimalandira mwayi wopeza mpweya wabwino.

Mu unit oyang'anira osamalira (ICU), mpweya wabwino ndi zida zofunikira kwambiri polimbikitsa miyoyo ya odwala omwe ali ndi odwala. Apa, odwala omwe ali ndi mavuto ambiri, monga omwe akudwala chibayo, kuvulala kwapapa, kapena zinthu zina zazikulu, kumadalira mpweya mpweya kuti aziwasunga amoyo. Mpweya wa mpweya umatenga ntchito yopumira, kulola thupi kupumula ndikuchiritsa.

M'chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito, odwala ena angafunike thandizo la verprator. Izi ndizoona makamaka maopaleshoni ovuta omwe amafuna mankhwala opaleshoni, monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kupondereza wodwalayo.

Othandizira othandizira amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya. Ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa ndikusintha magawo a mpweya kuti awonetsetse kuti wodwalayo amalandila thandizo loyenerera. Izi zimafuna kumvetsetsa mozama za wodwalayo komanso kuthekera kwa mpweya wabwino. Othandizira othandizira amayang'aniranso udindo wa wodwalayo ndikupanga kusintha kwa nthawi yake ndikusintha kwa mapulani osintha mu masinthidwe a wodwalayo komanso thanzi lonse.

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mpweya: wowononga komanso wosawonongeka. Zojambula zowoneka bwino zimapereka chithandizo chopumira kudzera mu tracheal intubition kapena trachestomy. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe amadwala kwambiri ndipo samatha kupuma pawokha. Komabe, mpweya wowononga mpweya, amapereka thandizo kudzera pachigoba. Ndioyenera odwala omwe amazindikira komanso amatha kugwirira ntchito.

Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya mpweya imaphatikizapo magawo awiri: inhalation ndi mpweya. Munthawi ya inhalation, cholumikizira chimapereka chidwi chothandizira wodwalayo. Kupanikizika kumeneku kumayang'aniridwa mosamala kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wokwanira umaperekedwa m'mapapu. Munthawi yamafuta, kupanikizika kumachepetsedwa, kulola wodwalayo kapena mpweya wabwino kuti athandizire kaboni dayokisi.

Magawo a mpweya amatha kusinthidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za wodwala aliyense. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa tindal kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe wodwalayo ali mpweya uliwonse. Kupumira pafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya uliwonse. Chiwerengero cha inhalation mpaka nthawi yotuluka ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe lingasinthidwe kuti lithetse kupuma.

Pakupuma kwa kupuma ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo, maphunziro ndi maphunziro ogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino ndizofunikira. Maphunziro apaderawa amawaphunzitsa mfundo zogwirira ntchito ndi njira zogwirira ntchito mpweya. Kuphunzitsa Mwambo Kudzera mu Kuyeserera ndi machitidwe azachipatala kumawathandiza kukhala aluso pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zakhala zikupita patsogolo kwambiri m'matumbo a mpweya. Anzeru mpweya wophatikizidwa ndi algorithms amatha kusintha magawo omwe amasiyidwa ndi odwala. Izi sizingothandizanso kuchita bwino kwa chithandizo komanso kumachepetsa ntchito zantchito zathanzi. Tekinoloji yowunikiranso imathandizanso kuwunikira zakutali ndi kasamalidwe ka oyang'anira thanzi kuti aziyang'anira mkhalidwe wa wodwala ngakhale kutali.

Ponena za mwayi wa ntchito, othandizira kupuma amatha kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga zipatala, kuphatikizapo ICU, chipinda chadzidzidzi, ndi chipinda chogwirira ntchito. Amathanso kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala cha nyumba kwa odwala omwe amafuna kupuma kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuyang'ana mtsogolo, matebulo ogwirizira ntchito amayembekezeredwa kuti azithana ndi anthu. Mapulani amachitidwe othandizira kutengera chikhalidwe cha wodwalayo chidzapangidwa, ndikuthandizira kupuma kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kupuma mogwira mtima. Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wakutali, kugwiritsa ntchito makonzi kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri, kulola kusamalira odwala mosasamala malo awo.

Pomaliza, mpweya wabwino ndi zida zazikulu zothandizira moyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso kupitiriza kupita patsogolo kwa kupulumutsa miyoyo ndikusintha mtundu wa zaumoyo.