A cikin duniyar lafiyar zamani, kalmar tsarkakewa 'sau da yawa yakan kawo hotunan kula da cututtukan cututtuka a cikin saitin asibiti, yana fuskantar abin da aka fi sani da shi. Koyaya, tsarkakakken jijiya shine babban ra'ayi wanda ya mamaye nau'ikan dabaru da matakai, kowannensu yana da kansa na musamman da aikace-aikace.
Don fara da, bari mu fayyace abin da Hamodialaysis. Hemodialysis tsari ne da aka yi amfani da shi da farko don marasa lafiya da rauni mai rauni. A cikin wannan hanyar, ana yaduwar mai haƙuri ta hanyar injin da ake kira dialal. Da dialyzer ya ƙunshi membrane mai zurfi wanda ke tace samfuran sharar gida, ruwa mai yawa, da gubobi daga jini. Daga nan sai aka mayar da jinin tsarkake a jikin mai haƙuri. Ana yin maganin hemodialsis sau da yawa a mako kuma wata magani ce mai ceton rai ga mutane da yawa da cutar ta koda ƙarshen cuta.
Amma tsarkakakken jini ya tafi nesa da kawai hemodialysis. Daya irin wannan hanyar ita ce plasmapher. Plasmapheris ya ƙunshi raba plasma daga sel jini. Plasma, wanda ya ƙunshi rigakomi, gubobi, da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa, an cire su kuma maye gurbinsu da madadin plasma ko madadin plasma. Ana amfani da wannan dabarar a cikin lura da rikice-rikice na atomatik, kamar su cututtukan-Barré, Myasthenhhenhhenhhenhhenhheness, da lupus. Ta hanyar cire ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da abubuwa daga plasma, plasMapheres zai iya taimakawa rage kumburi da haɓaka yanayin mai haƙuri.
Wani nau'in tsarkakakken jini shine hemoperfusion. A cikin hemoperfusion, jinin mai haƙuri yana wucewa ta hanyar shafi cike da kayan adsorbent, kamar an kunna gawayi ko guduro. Wannan kayan ya yi makirci don yana cire gubobi da kwayoyi daga jini. Hemoperfusion ana amfani da shi a cikin lokuta na miyagun ƙwayoyi waɗanda aka shaye-shaye ko guba, kamar yadda zai iya cire abubuwa masu cutarwa daga jini.
Sannan akwai cigaba da ci gaba na rudani na rudani (CRT). CRT shine wani nau'i na tsarkakakken jini wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin m marasa lafiya da rauni koda rauni ko wasu halaye waɗanda suke buƙatar ci gaba da cire samfuran sharar gida da ruwa. Ba kamar gemodialysis ba, wanda aka yi shi ne a zaman mai hankali, CRT shine ci gaba da aiwatarwa wanda zai iya tafiyar da awanni ko ma kwanaki. Wannan yana ba da damar cire samfuran sharar gida da ruwa, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman ga marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya waɗanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyar.
Baya ga waɗannan takamaiman dabaru, akwai kuma fasahar da ke fitowa a fagen tsarkake jini. Misali, wasu masu binciken suna binciken amfani da abubuwan da aka yi amfani da shi don haɓaka haɓaka hanyoyin tsarkakewa da niyya. Nanoparticles za a iya tsara su musamman da kwarara zuwa da cire wasu glogins ko pathogens daga jini, suna ba da ƙarin tsarin jini da jini.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa yayin da dabarun zubar da jini zasu iya yin tasiri sosai wajen kula da wasu yanayi, su ma suna da haɗari. Haƙɗu na iya haɗawa da zub da jini, kamuwa da cuta, rashin lafiyan juna, da canje-canje a cikin karfin jini. Sabili da haka, waɗannan hanyoyin ana yin su a ƙarƙashin kulawar kwararrun likitocin horarwa.
A ƙarshe, tsabtace jini shine yanki mai rikitarwa wanda ke saukarwa da yawa fiye da kawai hemodialysis. Daga plasmapheres da hemoperfusion ga fasahar da ke fitowa, akwai hanyoyi da yawa iri-iri don taimakawa cire lafiyar marasa lafiya da haɓaka lafiyar marasa lafiya. A matsayin bincike a wannan fannin ya ci gaba da ci gaba, zamu iya tsammanin dabarun tsarkakakken jini da kuma dabarun zub da jini a nan gaba, bayar da bege ga waɗanda ke fama da cututtuka da yanayi.
