Electrocardiography (ECG) na-eje ozi dị ka ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịtụle ọrụ eletrik nke obi.N'ime usoro dị mgbagwoju anya ewepụtara na eserese ECG, okwu ndị dị ka 'PRT axis' nwere ike ibili.Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mkpa ịkọwapụta na anyụike amatara na ECG na-elekwasị anya na P wave, mgbagwoju QRS na T wave.Ka anyị leba anya n’ihe anyụike ndị a pụtara.
1. P Wave Axis
P wave na-anọchite anya depolarization atrial, ọrụ eletrik na-ebute mkpụkọ atrial.Axis P wave na-abanye na nkezi ntụziaka nke mkpali eletrik ndị a.Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka oke dị oke egwu n'ịghọta ahụike nke atria.
Akọwapụtara nke ọma: Axis P wave axis sitere na 0 ruo +75 degrees.
Anomalies na P wave axis nwere ike ibute ihe egwu dị iche iche, na-enye nkọwa bara uru maka ọnọdụ obi obi:
Mmụba Atrial aka ekpe: Mgbanwe aka ekpe gafere ogo +75 nwere ike igosi okwu dị ka ọbara mgbali elu ma ọ bụ ọrịa obi valvular, na-enye ohere nyocha ọzọ.
Mmụba Atrial Right: Ntugharị aka nri nwere ike igosi ọbara mgbali elu nke akpa ume ma ọ bụ ọrịa ngụgụ na-adịghị ala ala, na-eme ka nyocha zuru oke nke iku ume na ahụike obi.
2. QRS mgbagwoju Axis
Ka nlebara anya na-atụgharị na ventricular depolarization, mgbagwoju QRS na-ewere ọnọdụ etiti.N'igosipụta ihe omume eletrik na-eduga na nkwụsị nke ventricular, axis mgbagwoju QRS na-enye nghọta na nkezi ntụziaka nke ventricular depolarization.Ịghọta axis a na-enyere aka na ntule ahụike ventricular.
Nkịtị akọwapụtara: Axis QRS na-adịkarị site na -30 ruo +90 degrees.
Ngbanwe dị na axis mgbagwoju QRS na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu, na-eduzi ndị ọkachamara ahụike n'ịchọpụta ihe egwu nwere ike ime:
Ngbanwe Axis aka ekpe: Axis na-atụgharị gaa n'aka ekpe nwere ike ịtụ aro ọnọdụ dị ka hypertrophy ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma, na-akpali nleba anya na nyocha nyocha.
Ngbanwe Axis ziri ezi: Ntugharị aka nri nwere ike igosi okwu dị ka ọbara mgbali elu nke akpa ume ma ọ bụ hypertrophy ventricular ziri ezi, na-achọ nyocha nke ọma nke ọrụ obi.
3. T Axis Wave
Igwe T na-ejide ọrụ eletrik nke jikọtara ya na repolarization ventricular, na-akara oge ezumike.The T wave axis, yiri P wave na QRS mgbagwoju axes, na-egosi nkezi ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik n'oge ventricular repolarization.Ileba anya na axis a na-enye aka na nyocha zuru oke nke okirikiri obi.
Akọwapụtara nke ọma: Axis T ebili mmiri na-adịgasị iche iche mana ọ na-adịkarị n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya QRS.
Anomalies na T wave axis na-enye nghọta bara uru banyere ihe egwu nwere ike ime na nhụsianya dị na mweghachi obi:
T Waves tụgharịrị: Mwepu site na ntụzịaka a na-atụ anya ya nwere ike ịpụta ischemia, infarction myocardial, ma ọ bụ ndakpọ nke electrolyte, na-akpali nlebara anya ngwa ngwa na nyocha ọzọ nyocha.
Ọkụ T Waves dị larịị ma ọ bụ elu: Axis T na-ahụkarị nwere ike igosi hyperkalemia, ischemia myocardial, ma ọ bụ mmetụta ọgwụ, na-achọ nyocha zuru oke nke ahụike onye ọrịa.
N'ebe ECG, usoro P wave, QRS complex, na T wave axes na-eguzobe ma mata nke ọma.Agbanyeghị, okwu a bụ 'PRT axis' nwere ike pụta site na nghọtahie ma ọ bụ nkwukọrịta okwu.Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na anyụike ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ isi nkuku nke nkọwa ECG.
Ịghọta ihe egwu ndị a nwere ike jikọta na anomalies na P wave, mgbagwoju QRS, na T axes dị mkpa maka ndị ọkachamara ahụike.Ileba anya n'iche site na ụkpụrụ na axes ndị a na-enyere aka n'ịchọpụta na ntinye aka n'oge, na-ebelata ihe egwu dị na nsogbu obi.Nyocha ECG mgbe niile, yana ịmara ihe egwu nwere ike ime, na-atụnye aka n'ụzọ zuru oke maka ahụike obi.
