Kumvetsetsa ECG: Kutsegula ma Axes a PRT

Electrocardiography (ECG) imagwira ntchito ngati chida chofunikira pakuwunika mphamvu zamagetsi zamtima.Pakati pa zovuta zomwe zajambulidwa pa graph ya ECG, mawu ngati 'PRT axis' angabuke.Komabe, ndikofunikira kumveketsa bwino kuti ma axes odziwika mu ECG amayang'ana kwambiri P wave, QRS complex, ndi T wave.Tiyeni tifufuze tanthauzo la nkhwangwa izi.

1. P Wave axis

Mafunde a P amayimira kufooketsa kwa atria, ntchito yamagetsi isanachitike kugunda kwa atrium.P wave axis imayang'ana kumayendedwe apakati amagetsi awa.Imakhala ngati gawo lofunikira pakumvetsetsa thanzi la atria.

Normalcy Tanthauzo: Wamba P wave axis kuyambira 0 mpaka +75 madigiri.

Anomalies mu P wave axis atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chosiyana, kupereka zidziwitso zofunikira pazovuta zamtima:

Kukula kwa Atrial Kumanzere: Kusintha kumanzere kupitirira madigiri + 75 kungasonyeze nkhani monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda a mtima wa valvular, zomwe zimafuna kufufuza kwina.

Kukula kwa Atrial Yoyenera: Kupatuka koyenera kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa a m'mapapo kapena matenda osachiritsika a m'mapapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuunika kwathunthu kwa thanzi la kupuma ndi mtima.

2. QRS Complex axis

Pamene chidwi chimasinthira ku depolarization ya ventricular, zovuta za QRS zimayambira.Kuwonetsa zochitika zamagetsi zomwe zimatsogolera kutsika kwa ventricular, QRS complex axis imapereka chidziwitso pamayendedwe apakati a ventricular depolarization.Kumvetsetsa mbali iyi kumathandizira kuwunika thanzi la ventricular.

Normalcy Tanthauzo: Mzere wa QRS nthawi zambiri umachokera ku -30 mpaka +90 madigiri.

Kupatuka kwa QRS complex axis kumakhala ndi tanthauzo lalikulu, kutsogolera akatswiri azaumoyo kuti azindikire zoopsa zomwe zingachitike:

Kupatuka kwa Axis Kumanzere: Kusuntha kwa axis kumanzere kungasonyeze zinthu ngati hypertrophy kapena zolakwika za conduction, zomwe zimachititsa kuunikanso ndi kuunika kwa matenda.

Kupatuka kwa Axis Kumanja: Kupatuka kolondola kungasonyeze nkhani monga pulmonary hypertension kapena right ventricular hypertrophy, zomwe zimafunika kuunika mozama momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito.

3. T Wave Axis

T wave imagwira ntchito yamagetsi yolumikizidwa ndi ventricular repolarization, ndikuyika gawo lopumula.T wave axis, yofanana ndi P wave ndi QRS complex axs, imatanthawuza pafupifupi mayendedwe amagetsi amagetsi panthawi ya ventricular repolarization.Kuyang'anira mbali iyi kumathandizira kuwunika mozama kuzungulira kwa mtima.

Normalcy Tanthauzo: Mawonekedwe a T wave axis amasiyana mosiyanasiyana koma nthawi zambiri amakhala mbali imodzi ndi zovuta za QRS.

Zosokoneza mu T wave axis zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira paziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike komanso zosokoneza pakubwezeretsa mtima:

Mafunde Otembenuzidwa T: Kupatuka kuchokera komwe kumayembekezeredwa kungatanthauze ischemia, myocardial infarction, kapena kusalinganika kwa electrolyte, zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chachangu komanso kuyezetsa matenda.

Mafunde Opanda Pang'onopang'ono kapena Apamwamba Amtundu wa T: Atypical T wave axis angasonyeze hyperkalemia, myocardial ischemia, kapena zotsatira za mankhwala, zomwe zimafunika kuunika mozama za thanzi la wodwalayo.

Mu gawo la ECG, mawu akuti P wave, QRS complex, ndi T wave axes amakhazikitsidwa ndipo amadziwika kwambiri.Komabe, mawu oti 'PRT axis' amatha chifukwa cha kusamvana kapena kusamvana.Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nkhwangwa zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zimapanga mwala wapangodya wa kutanthauzira kwa ECG.

Kumvetsetsa ziwopsezo zomwe zitha kukhudzana ndi zosokoneza mu P wave, QRS complex, ndi T wave axes ndikofunikira kwa akatswiri azaumoyo.Kuyang'anira zopatuka kuchokera ku zomwe zili muzonsezi kumathandizira kuzindikira msanga ndikuchitapo kanthu, kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zovuta zamtima.Kuwunika kwanthawi zonse kwa ECG, limodzi ndi chidziwitso cha zoopsa zomwe zingatheke, zimathandiza kuti pakhale njira yowonjezereka ya thanzi la mtima.