Electrocardiography (ECG) na-eje ozi dị ka ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịtụle ọrụ eletrik nke obi. N'ime usoro dị mgbagwoju anya ewepụtara na eserese ECG, okwu ndị dị ka 'PRT axis' nwere ike ibili. Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mkpa ịkọwapụta na anyụike amatara na ECG na-elekwasị anya na P wave, mgbagwoju QRS, na T wave. Ka anyị leba anya n’ihe anyụike ndị a pụtara.
1. P Axis Wave
P wave na-anọchite anya depolarization atrial, ọrụ eletrik na-ebute mkpụkọ atrial. Axis P wave na-abanye na nkezi ntụziaka nke mkpali eletrik ndị a. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka oke dị oke egwu n'ịghọta ahụike nke atria.
Akọwapụtara nke ọma: Axis P wave axis sitere na 0 ruo +75 degrees.
Anomalies na P wave axis nwere ike ibute ihe egwu dị iche iche, na-enye nkọwa bara uru maka ọnọdụ obi obi:
Mmụba Atrial aka ekpe: Mgbanwe aka ekpe gafere ogo +75 nwere ike igosi okwu dị ka ọbara mgbali elu ma ọ bụ ọrịa obi valvular, na-enye ohere nyocha ọzọ.
Mmụba Atrial Right: Ntugharị aka nri nwere ike igosi ọbara mgbali elu nke akpa ume ma ọ bụ ọrịa ngụgụ na-adịghị ala ala, na-eme ka nyocha zuru oke nke iku ume na ahụike obi.
2. QRS mgbagwoju Axis
Ka nlebara anya na-atụgharị na ventricular depolarization, mgbagwoju QRS na-ewere ọnọdụ etiti. N'igosipụta ihe omume eletrik na-eduga na nkwụsị nke ventricular, axis mgbagwoju QRS na-enye nghọta na nkezi ntụziaka nke ventricular depolarization. Ịghọta axis a na-enyere aka na ntule ahụike ventricular.
Nkịtị akọwapụtara: Axis QRS na-adịkarị site na -30 ruo +90 degrees.
Ngbanwe dị na axis mgbagwoju QRS na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu, na-eduzi ndị ọkachamara ahụike n'ịchọpụta ihe egwu nwere ike ime:
Ngbanwe Axis aka ekpe: Axis na-atụgharị gaa n'aka ekpe nwere ike ịtụ aro ọnọdụ dị ka hypertrophy ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma, na-akpali nleba anya na nyocha nyocha.
Ngbanwe Axis ziri ezi: Ntugharị aka nri nwere ike igosi okwu dị ka ọbara mgbali elu nke akpa ume ma ọ bụ hypertrophy ventricular ziri ezi, na-achọ nyocha nke ọma nke ọrụ obi.
3. T Axis Wave
Igwe T na-ejide ọrụ eletrik nke jikọtara ya na repolarization ventricular, na-akara oge ezumike. The T wave axis, yiri P wave na QRS mgbagwoju axes, na-egosi nkezi ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik n'oge ventricular repolarization. Ileba anya na axis a na-enye aka na nyocha zuru oke nke okirikiri obi.
Akọwapụtara nke ọma: Axis T ebili mmiri na-adịgasị iche iche mana ọ na-adịkarị n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya QRS.
Anomalies na T wave axis na-enye nghọta bara uru banyere ihe egwu nwere ike ime na nhụsianya na mweghachi obi:
T Waves tụgharịrị: Mwepu site na ntụzịaka a na-atụ anya ya nwere ike ịpụta ischemia, infarction myocardial, ma ọ bụ ndakpọ nke electrolyte, na-akpali nlebara anya ngwa ngwa na nyocha ọzọ nyocha.
Ọkụ T Waves dị larịị ma ọ bụ elu: Axis T na-ahụkarị nwere ike igosi hyperkalemia, ischemia myocardial, ma ọ bụ mmetụta ọgwụ, na-achọ nyocha zuru oke nke ahụike onye ọrịa.
N'ebe ECG, usoro P wave, QRS complex, na T wave axes na-eguzobe ma mata nke ọma. Agbanyeghị, okwu a bụ 'PRT axis' nwere ike pụta site na nghọtahie ma ọ bụ nkwukọrịta okwu. Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na anyụike ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ isi nkuku nke nkọwa ECG.
Ịghọta ihe egwu ndị a nwere ike jikọta na anomalies na P wave, mgbagwoju QRS, na T axes dị mkpa maka ndị ọkachamara ahụike. Ileba anya n'iche site na ụkpụrụ na axes ndị a na-enyere aka n'ịchọpụta na ntinye aka n'oge, na-ebelata ihe egwu dị na nsogbu obi. Nyocha ECG mgbe niile, yana ịmara ihe egwu nwere ike ime, na-atụnye aka n'ụzọ zuru oke maka ahụike obi.
