Hoʻolauna
ʻO ENT, kahi pōkole i kamaʻāina ʻole i ka poʻe he nui, ʻo ia ka Pepeiao, ka ihu, a me ka Puʻu. He lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā ia e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi, ka mālama ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi e pili ana i kēia mau ʻāpana anatomical koʻikoʻi ʻekolu. Ke manaʻo nei kēia ʻatikala e hāʻawi i kahi ʻike piha o ka ENT, me kona ākea, nā kūlana maʻamau, nā ala diagnostic, a me nā koho lapaʻau.
ʻO ka laulā o ENT
Pepeiao
ʻO ka pepeiao he ʻāpana paʻakikī ke kuleana no ka lohe a me ke kaulike. Hoʻoponopono nā loea ENT i nā pilikia pili pepeiao.
1. Lohe Lohe
1. Hiki ke pohō ka lohe ma muli o nā pilikia ma ka pepeiao waho a waena paha, e like me ka pa'a 'ana o ka earwax, nā ma'i pepeiao waena (otitis media), a i 'ole ka pu'u pepeiao.
2. Pili pinepine ka nalo o ka lohe sensorineural i ka poino i ka pepeiao o loko a i ʻole ke aʻalolo hoʻolohe. Hiki ke kumu ma muli o ka ʻelemakule (presbycusis), ka ʻike ʻana i nā leo nui, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole nā kumu genetic.
2. Ma'i Pepeiao
1. ʻO ka Otitis externa, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka pepeiao ʻauʻau, he maʻi ia o ke aʻa pepeiao waho, maʻamau i hana ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria a i ʻole nā haʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha, ka ʻili, a me ka hoʻokuʻu.
2. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo mua ʻia, ʻo ka otitis media kahi maʻi o ka pepeiao waena, kahi mea maʻamau i nā keiki. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka lohe manawa a me ka ʻeha pepeiao.
3. Nā pilikia kaulike
1. ʻO Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) kahi maʻi maʻamau kahi e hemo ai nā ʻāpana calcium liʻiliʻi i loko o ka pepeiao i loko, e hoʻomaka koke ai i nā manawa pōkole o ka nalo.
2. ʻO ka maʻi o Ménière he maʻi maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka pepeiao i loko, e hoʻoulu ai i ka vertigo, ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe, ke kani ʻana o ka pepeiao, a me ka manaʻo piha o ka pepeiao.
Ihu
ʻAʻole pili wale ka ihu i ke ʻano o ka ʻala akā he hana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi i ka hanu ʻana a me ka kānana ʻana i ka ea a mākou e hanu ai.
1. Nasal Congestion
1. ʻO ka rhinitis maʻi maʻi, i ʻike mau ʻia ʻo ka hay fever, he hopena maʻi ia i nā mea e lele ana i ka lewa e like me ka pollen, nā mite lepo, a i ʻole ka ʻili holoholona. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka sneezing, kahe ka ihu, ka ihu, a me ka makaʻu.
2. Hiki ke kumu mai ka rhinitis ma'i 'ole e na mea e like me ka hoonaukiuki (e la'a, ka uahi paka, ke ala ikaika), ka hoololi hormonal, a me kekahi mau laau lapaau.
2. Nasal Polyps
1. He mau ulu palupalu a ʻeha ʻole kēia e ulu ana ma ka uhi o nā ʻaoʻao ihu a i ʻole sinuses. Hiki iā lākou ke ālai i ke ala ea ihu, a hiki i ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana, nalowale ka ʻala, a me ka ihu holo.
3. Sinusitis
1. ʻO ka sinusitis acute ka hopena o ka maʻi viral a i ʻole maʻi bacteria ma hope o ke anu. Hoʻoulu ia i ka ʻeha a me ke kaomi ʻana i loko o nā sinuses, nasal congestion, a me ka mānoanoa, nasal nasal discolored.
2. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka sinusitis ma mua o 12 pule a ma muli paha o nā maʻi mau, polyps nasal, a i ʻole nā mea ʻano anatomical.
Puʻu
Aia ka puʻu i nā hana e like me ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻai ʻana, a me ka ʻōlelo.
1. ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū
1. He ʻā ia o nā tonsils, ma muli o ka maʻi viral a i ʻole bacteria. ʻO nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha ʻāʻī, ka paʻakikī o ka ʻai ʻana, ke kuni, a me ka pehu ʻana o nā tonsils.
2. Laryngitis
1. ʻO ka ʻā ʻana o ka larynx (pahu leo) hiki ke hopena i ka haʻahaʻa, ka leo nawaliwali, a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka leo. Hiki ke kumu ma muli o ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka leo, nā maʻi, a i ʻole ka reflux acid.
3. Moe Apnea
'Obstructive sleep apnea hiki ke ho'omaha loa nā 'i'o ma hope o ka pu'u i ka wā e hiamoe ai, e ālai ana i ke ala ea. Ke alakaʻi nei ia i ka hanu ʻana, snoring, a me ka hiamoe i ke ao.
Nā Kaʻina Diagnostic ma ENT
Nānā Kikino
Hoʻohana nā loea ENT i nā mea hana like ʻole no ka nānā kino.
1. Otoscope
1. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia no ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pepeiao a me ka pahu pepeiao. Kōkua ia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi o ka pepeiao, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka ʻili pepeiao, a i ʻole ka puka ʻana o ka pahu pepeiao.
2. Rhinoscope
1. Hoʻohana ʻia ka rhinoscope, ʻoʻoleʻa a maʻalahi paha, e nānā i loko o ka ihu a me nā sinuses. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike i nā polyps nasal, deviated septum, a i ʻole nā hōʻailona o ka sinusitis.
3. Laryngoscope
1. Hoʻohana ʻia nā laryngoscopes e nānā i ka larynx a me nā kaula leo. Pono lākou no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka laryngitis a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī.
Nā ho'āʻo diagnostics
1. Audiometry
1. He ana keia hoao i ka lohe pepeiao o ke kanaka. Kōkua ia i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nalowale o ka lohe.
2. Tympanometry
1. Hoʻoponopono ia i ka hana o ka pepeiao waena ma ke ana ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka eardrum i ka pane ʻana i nā loli o ke kaomi ea.
3. Nasal Endoscopy
1. Hāʻawi kēia kaʻina hana i kahi ʻike kikoʻī o nā ʻāpana ihu a me nā sinuses. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka biopsy i nā ʻiʻo kānalua a i ʻole e wehe i nā polyps ihu.
Nā Koho Lapaʻau ma ENT
Lapaau Lapaau
1. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
1. No nā ma'i pepeiao, hiki ke kauoha 'ia nā lā'au antibiotic no nā ma'i bacteria. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antihistamines a me nā corticosteroid nasal no ka maʻi rhinitis a me ka sinusitis.
2. Hiki i nā kulu pepeiao ke mālama i nā ma'i o waho-pepeiao, a'o nā lā'au lapa'au e ho'emi ai i ka no'ono'o e ho'ohana 'ia no nā pilikia kaulike.
2. Immunotherapy
1. No ka ma'i ma'i rhinitis ko'iko'i, hiki i ka ma'i 'allergen - immunotherapy kiko'ī (pa'i allergy) hiki ke lilo i mea lapa'au no ka manawa lō'ihi.
Nā Laʻau ʻokiʻoki
1. Opepepeiao
1. Hana ʻia ʻo Tympanoplasty no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka puʻu pepeiao puka. Hoʻohana ʻia nā implants cochlear no ka mālama ʻana i ka nalo o ka lohe sensorineural koʻikoʻi.
2. ʻO ka stapedectomy kahi koho ʻokiʻoki no kekahi mau ʻano o ka nalo lohe.
2. ʻO ka Ihu
1. Hana ʻia ka Septoplasty e hoʻoponopono i kahi septum deviated. Hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻoki ʻana i ka sinus endoscopic no ka mālama ʻana i ka sinusitis mau loa a wehe i nā polyps nasal.
3. Oki Puai
1. ʻO ka Tonsillectomy ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpala, maʻamau no ka tonsillitis mau. ʻO ka Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) kahi koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi obstructive sleep apnea.
Ka hopena
He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa a koʻikoʻi ka ENT e pili ana i nā ʻano he nui o ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā, mai ka lohe ʻana a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka hanu a me ka honi. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kūlana maʻamau, nā ʻano diagnostic, a me nā koho lapaʻau i loko o ke kahua o ENT hiki ke kōkua i ka poʻe e hoʻokele maikaʻi i ko lākou olakino a ʻimi i ka mālama olakino kūpono inā pono. He maʻi maʻalahi paha ia o ka maʻi allergies o ka wā a i ʻole kahi maʻi paʻakikī e like me ka sinusitis maʻi a i ʻole ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe, ua lako nā loea ENT me ka ʻike a me nā mea hana e hāʻawi ai i ka maʻi a me ka mālama pono.
