I. Kev qhia lus
Cov ntshav sau cov leeg yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv chaw kuaj mob, muab cov khoom siv los ntawm kev khaws cia, thiab kev ntsuas ntshav rau kuaj mob. Kev xaiv kom tsim nyog thiab siv cov hlab ntsha no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tau txais kev paub tseeb thiab txhim khu kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tus neeg mob kev kuaj mob thiab kev tswj hwm.
Ii. Hom Kev Tiv Thaiv Ntshav Ntshav
A. Ntshav Fab Kis Trarator Leeg (SST)
SERUM separator Leeg, feem ntau yog hu ua SSTS, yog tsim los pab txhawb kev sib cais ntawm cov ntshav ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav tom qab centrifugation. Cov raj no muaj cov gel separator, feem ntau ua los ntawm cov tshuaj inert zoo li silicone lossis silica, muab tso rau ntawm cov clot activator thiab cov ntshav ntshiab. Thaum lub sij hawm centrifugation, cov gel ua cov thaiv ntawm cov ntshav dej thiab cov xuab zeb, tso cai rau kev sib cais huv. SSTS yog dav siv rau ntau yam kev kuaj mob kuaj ntshav, xws li daim siab ua haujlwm kuaj, lipid profiles, cov tshuaj hormones, thiab kis tus kab mob cim.
B. EthylenedIninetetraiacetic Acid (Edta) Tubes
Edta lub raj muaj cov anticoagulant etylenedIr, uas khi calagium los ntawm inhibiting qhov kev txiav txim ntawm coagulation yam. Cov hlab yog feem ntau siv rau kev sim ntsuas kev hematological, xws li ua tiav cov ntshav suav (CBCs), hemoglobin txheeb xyuas, thiab ntshav morphology kev kuaj mob. Edta khaws cia cov ntshav ntawm cov ntshav, ua rau nws cov ntshav ntsuas thiab cov ntshav dawb thiab cov qe ntshav liab.
C. Sodium Citrate Hmab
Sodium citrate hlab muaj cov sodium citrate, ib qho anticoagulant uas khi calagulation calibulation los ntawm kev tiv thaiv clotting shotting shotting. Cov hlab no yog siv rau kev ntsuas sib xyaws, suav nrog lub sijhawm prothrombin (PT), ua haujlwm ib nrab ntawm thromboplastin lub sijhawm (AptT), thiab Coagulation Factor pom. Citrium citrate tswj cov ntshav hauv lub xeev ua kua, tso cai rau kev ntsuas ua kua ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kev ntsuas ntawm kev ua yeeb yam.
D. H.bibe leeg
Hreadin cov leeg muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv heparin, uas ua los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua ub no ntawm antithromicbin iii, lub ntuj tso tawm ntawm thibomin thiab lwm yam clotting yam. Cov hlab yog siv rau kev kuaj cov txuj ci chemical tshwj xeeb, xws li Plasma ammonia qib, tej yam kev soj ntsuam toxicology rau kev tshuaj lom. H
E. Fuoride Oxalege Leeg
Fluoride oxalate leeg muaj sodium tshuaj fluoride thiab cov poov tshuaj oxassate, uas ua haujlwm raws li antiglyColytic cov neeg sawv cev rau inhibit glycolysis nyob rau hauv cov ntshav kuaj. Cov hlab yog feem ntau siv rau kev sim cov piam thaj zoo li no, raws li glycolysis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txo qis hauv cov qib zoo li lub sijhawm. Sodium fluoride txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib tsoo enzymatic tawg, thaum potassium oxalate ua raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Fluoride oxalate txoj hlua yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, thiab saib xyuas Glycemic tswj cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
F. Glycolytic Avitor Hmab
Glycolytic tubes muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv uas inhibit glycolysis, lub luag haujlwm metabolic pathway lub luag haujlwm rau cov teeb meem zoo. Cov hlab yog siv los tiv thaiv cov enzymatic degradation ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, kom tau kev ntsuas kom tau zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha. Glycolytic cov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kev sim uas yuav tsum muaj qhov ruaj khov rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas, cov tshuaj txwv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Cov tshuaj ntxiv suav nrog sodium fluoride, thiab sodium iodoacetate, uas interve concoces thiab khaws cov hmoov zoo hauv cov hmoov ntshav hauv cov ntshav.
III. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov raj muaj ntau yam thiab ntxiv
Txhua yam ntawm cov ntshav sau cov raj muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tsim cov khoom siv cov ntshav thiab inhibit tsis xav tau cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis txaus ntseeg. Nkag siab cov kev sib txawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov raj tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau txhua daim ntawv thov kev kho mob.
IV. Cov ntawv thov kev kho mob thiab siv
A. Ntshav Fab Kis Trarator Leeg (SST)
Cov tub sab sst muaj cov gel separator uas cais cov ntshav dej los ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ntawm centrifugation. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau cov kev xeem chemical, suav nrog daim siab ua haujlwm kuaj, lipid profiles, thiab ntsuas electrolyte.
B. EthylenedIninetetraiacetic Acid (Edta) Tubes
Edta Tubes Muaj Edta, ib tug chelating tus neeg sawv cev uas khi calcium ions thiab tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau kev cuam tshuam rau kev sib cais. Lawv siv rau hematology kev xeem, xws li ua tiav cov ntshav suav (CBC) thiab cov ntshav tshuaj morphology.
C. Sodium Citrate Hmab
Sodium citrate leeg muaj cov sodium citrate, uas ua raws li anticoagulant los ntawm kev khi calcium thiab tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws tsim. Lawv siv rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev sib xyaws, suav nrog lub sijhawm prothrombin (PT) thiab ua haujlwm ib nrab thromboplastin sijhawm (aptt).
D. H.bibe leeg
Hreadin tubes muaj Hepearin, ib qho muaj zog anticoagulant uas inhibits thrombin thiab factor xa hauv caumululation Cascade. Lawv raug siv rau kev xeem chemical tshwj xeeb, xws li ntshav ammaMia thiab qee cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem.
E. Fuoride Oxalege Leeg
Fluoride oxalate leeg muaj sodium fluoride thiab cov poov xab oxalate, uas inhibit glycolysis thiab saib cov theem hauv cov ntshav. Lawv tau siv rau kev sim cov piam thaj hauv kev txais ntshav, tshwj xeeb yog tswj ntshav qab zib.
F. Glycolytic Avitor Hmab
Glycolytic tubes muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv uas inhibit glycolysis, tiv thaiv kom tawg txog qhov tawg hauv cov ntshav. Lawv tau siv rau cov kev xeem uas yuav tsum tau kuaj qhov uas xav tau qhov tseeb ntawm cov nyom qib ib zaug, xws li cov kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua kom zoo.
V. Kev Txiav Txim Siab Ntshav Sau thiab tuav
Kev qhia kom raug rau kev sau cov ntshav, thiab khaws cia yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntshav thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig raug. Ua ntej-analytical sib txawv, xws li cov qauv kev paug thiab hemolysis, yuav cuam tshuam txog kev ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig thiab yuav tsum tau txo qis los ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem.
VI. Yav Tom Ntej thiab Kev Txhim Kho
Kev nce qib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav sau cov raj thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev kuaj mob. Kev nthuav tawm thev naus laus zis, xws li cov khoom siv microfluidic thiab cov ntsiab lus ntsuas ntshav, txhim kho cov ntshav ntsuas ntshav, txhim kho cov ntshav saib xyuas thiab chaw kho mob.
Hauv kev xaus, cov hlab kab kom tsis txhob muaj lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev kho mob me me los ntawm kev ntsuas cov ntshav rau cov ntshav rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kuaj mob. Nkag siab txog cov kab sib txawv, lawv cov kev siv, thiab cov ntawv thov tshuaj kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sau cov hnoos qeev uas muaj kev sib sau ua ke, kuaj sim, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas. Los ntawm cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sau ntshav thiab kev sib tham txog cov kev pabcuam ntawm lub raj tshuaj kho mob thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus neeg mob.
