Intshayelelo
Iityhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi zizixhobo ezifunekayo kwiilebhu zeklinikhi, ziququzelela ukuqokelelwa, ukulondolozwa, kunye nokulungiswa kweesampulu zegazi kuvavanyo lwegazi. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi tyhubhu kubalulekile ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo ezichanekileyo nezinokuthenjwa, ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-disnosis nolawulo.
II. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeTub
A. I-Serum Yohluri (i-SST)
I-Serum Yahlulahlulwe, yaziwa ngokuba yi-SSTS, yenzelwe ukuqhuba ukwahlulwa kwe-serum kwigazi liphela emva kokufunyanwa kwenkungu. Ezi tyhubhu ziqukethe isahlulo sejeyi, esiqhelekileyo senziwe ngezinto ze-intert njenge-silicone okanye i-silica, ibekwe phakathi kwe-artivitor ye-clot kunye ne-serum. Ngexesha lokuqhekeka, ijeli yenza umqobo phakathi kwe-serum kunye ne-clot, ivumela ukwahlukana okucocekileyo. I-STS isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zeKlinikhi, kubandakanya uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-Silr, iiprofayili zeLipid, izixhobo zeHormone, kunye nababukeli besifo.
B. I-Ethylediaminetetratetic acid (Edta) i-tubes
I-EDTA Tubes iqulethe i-anticoiclamine ye-Anticodila-i-E-Isyediaminetetratetic acid, ebopha i-calcium ions egazini kwaye ithintela ukudibanisa izinto ngokuthintela inyathelo lezinto zokuhamba. Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-hematolol, ezinjengokuBalwa kweGazi legazi (i-CBCs), uHlalelo lweHomoglobin, kunye noviwo lwe-morphology yegazi. I-EDTA igcina izinto zeselula zegazi, ezenza ukuba zilungele iimvavanyo ezifuna iiseli zegazi ezingenakuhlalwa, ezinje ngemibutho emhlophe yegazi kunye ne-indices ebomvu yegazi.
C. sodium tubes
I-sodium tube iqukethe i-sodium fitser, i-anticouhlant ebopha i-calcium ions kwaye ithintele ukuhlangana kwegazi ngokuthintela i-cascade. Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-quecy, kubandakanya nexesha le-prothrombin (PT), i-PTALD STARMALLINALL HARGEPIFTARINE ixesha (APT), kunye ne-ASTRY STRENCY ye-ASTRY STRYS. I-Sodium igcina igazi kwindawo yolwelo, ivumela umlinganiso ochanekileyo wexesha lokugqitha kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokuhlaselwa.
D. I-heparin tubes
Iityhubhu ze-heparin zine-anticouch heparin, ezisebenza ngokwandisa umsebenzi we-Antithrombin III, i-inhibitor yendalo kunye nezinye izinto ezinamaqhina. Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziswa kwiimvavanyo ze-chebs ezikhethekileyo, ezinjengamanqanaba ePlasma Ammonia, ii-toology Assays, kunye nokuBek 'iliso kwiziyobisi. I-heparin iyoyithintela i-Caabiption Cascade ngokungathathi hlangothi kunye nokuthintela ukwenziwa kwe-fibrin, iyenza ilungele iimvavanyo ezifuna iisampulu zeplasma zikhululekile.
E. I-tuber
Ii-tubes ze-fluoride ziqukethe i-sodium fluoride kunye ne-potassium oxilate ye-oxpalalate, esebenza njenge-AntiglyColyCyCotity ye-Glycolysis kwiisampulu zegazi. Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-glucose, njengoko i-glykolysis inokukhokelela ekuncipheni kwamanqanaba e-glucose ngokuhamba kwexesha. Isodium fluoride ithintela ukwaphuka kwe-enzymatic yeglucose, ngelixa i-potassium oxilate isebenza njengendawo yokugcina. Iityhubhu ze-Bluoride zibalulekile kwiimvavanyo zokunyamezelana kwe-Glucose, i-Dinesima yokuhlola, kunye nokubeka iliso kulawulo lwe-glycemic kwizigulana zesifo seswekile.
F. I-Glycolyting I-Tubes
Iityhubhu ze-Glycolytic ezingenanto ziqukethe izongezo ezithintelayo i-glycolysis, indlela ye-metabolic inoxanduva lokuqhekezwa kweglucose. Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukonakala kwe-enzymatic yeglucose kwiisampulu zegazi, kuqinisekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo ye-glucose ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-GlyColyting Inveritortitor ibalulekile kwiimvavanyo ezifuna amanqanaba amaGlucose eziZinzileyo, ezinje ngeemvavanyo zokunyamezelana kweglucose, uvavanyo lokuchasana ne-Inlin, kunye neeprothokhethisi zolawulo lwesifo sephepha. Izongezo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya i-Sodium Buroride, i-potassium oxilate, kunye ne-sodium nquodocetate, ethintela i-encycolyting enzymes kwaye igcine i-Glucose igxile kwiisampulu zegazi.
III. Umahluko kwi-Tube ye-Tube kunye nokongezwa
Uhlobo ngalunye lwetyhubhu yegazi luqukethe iinqobo ezithile ezenzelwe ukugcina izinto zegazi kwaye zithintele impendulo ye-biochemical engafunekiyo. Ukuqonda lo mahluko kubalulekile ekukhetheni ityhubhu efanelekileyo kwisicelo ngasinye seklinikhi.
Iv. Izicelo zeklinikhi kunye nokusetyenziswa
A. I-Serum Yohluri (i-SST)
Iityhubhu ze-SST ziqukethe umahluli wejeyi ohlukanisa i-serum kwigazi liphela kwisentimitha. Zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziselwa iimvavanyo zekhemikhali, kubandakanya uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-Silr, iiprofayili zeLipid, kunye nemilinganiselo ye-electrolyte.
B. I-Ethylediaminetetratetic acid (Edta) i-tubes
I-EDTA Tubes iqulathe i-EDTA, iarhente yokutshekisha ebopha i-calcium ions kwaye ithintele igazi ukuvula izinto ezithintelayo. Zisetyenziselwa iimvavanyo zeHematology, ezinjengokubala kwegazi ngokupheleleyo (i-CBC) kunye noviwo lwe-morphology yegazi.
C. sodium tubes
Iityhubhu zesodium iqukethe i-sodium fittem, esebenza njenge-anticogount nge-calcium ye-calcium kwaye ithintele ukwakhiwa kwegazi. Zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lokudibana, kubandakanya ixesha le-prothrombin (PT) kunye ne-Inrabrial Ender Premboplastin Ixesha (Aptt).
D. I-heparin tubes
Iityhubhu ze-heparin zine-heparin, i-anticoagont enamandla anqabileyo i-rambin kunye ne-factor xo kwi-cascade. Zisetyenziselwa imvavanyo ekhethekileyo ye-chemistry, enjengePlasma Ammonia kunye nezinye iityhefu ze-toobology.
E. I-tuber
Iityhubhu ze-Bluoride ze-Oxialate zine-Sodium Buleoride kunye ne-potassium oxilate, ethintela i-Glycolysis kwaye igcine amanqanaba e-glucose kwiisampulu zegazi. Zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-glucose, ngakumbi kubaphathi beswekile.
F. I-Glycolyting I-Tubes
I-Glycolyting I-Tubstor iqulethe ii-sonsortives ezithintela i-glycolysis, ethintela ukophula kweglucose kwiisampulu zegazi. Zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo olufuna umlinganiso ochanekileyo wamanqanaba eglucose ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinjengeemvavanyo zokunyamezelana kweglucose.
V. Ukuqwalaselwa kokuqokelelwa kwegazi kunye nokuphatha
Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuqokelelwa kwegazi, ukuphatha, kunye nokugcina kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweesampulu zegazi kunye nokuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo. Izinto eziguquguqukayo kwangaphambili, ezinjengongcoliseko lwesampulu kunye ne-hemolysis, inokuncitshiswa kakhulu kwaye kufuneka incitshiswe ngokulandela ngqo iiprotokholi ezimiselweyo.
VI. Iindlela zexesha elizayo kunye nophuhliso
Ukuqhubela phambili kwiteknoloji ye-Tube yegazi kuyaqhubeka nokuphucula ukusebenza nokuthembeka kovavanyo lokuqonda isifo. Itekhnoloji ekhulayo, enjengezixhobo ze-microfluidic kunye namaqonga ovavanyo lwenqaku, nikezela ngamathuba amatsha okuqhutywa kwegazi kunye nokuhlaziywa kwesampulu yegazi, ukwandisa ukhathalelo lwezigulana kunye nokuhamba komgudu.
Ukuqukumbela, iityhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwanamhlanje ngokunika ithuba lohlalutyo oluchanekileyo noluthembekileyo lweesampulu zegazi kwiinjongo zokuxilonga. Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zetyhubhu, iingoma zabo, kunye nezicelo zeklinikhi zibalulekile kubachwephesha bezempilo abachaphazelekayo ukuqokelelwa kwezempilo, uvavanyo lwelebhu, kunye nononophelo lwesigulana. Ngeendlela ezilungileyo zokulandela ukuqokelelwa kwegazi kunye nokuphatha kunye nokuhlala unolwazi malunga nenkqubela phambili kwiteknoloji ye-Tube, ababoneleli bezempilo banokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ezisemgangathweni kunye nezigulana ezifanelekileyo.
