Rheumatoid nyamakazi (RA) ndi matenda otupa olowa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Mkati mwa thupi, mafupa ndi malo omwe mafupa amasonkhana pamodzi ndikulola kuyenda. Zambiri mwa mfundozi - zomwe zimatchedwa synovial joints - zimaperekanso kugwedezeka.
RA ndi vuto la autoimmune, momwe chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimalakwitsa zolumikizira mafupa anu ngati 'zachilendo' ndikuukira ndikuziwononga, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa ndi kuwawa.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza mfundo za manja, manja, ndi mawondo symmetrically. Palibe mankhwala, koma RA ikhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi chithandizo chabwino, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro za Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid nyamakazi ndi matenda ovuta omwe sadziwika bwino ndi madokotala kapena ofufuza.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda, monga kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, kupweteka m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, ndi kuuma kwa mafupa, nthawi zambiri zimayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso mochenjera, ndipo zizindikiro zimayamba pang'onopang'ono pakapita milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ndikuwonjezereka pakapita nthawi. RA nthawi zambiri imayambira m'mafupa ang'onoang'ono a manja (makamaka omwe ali m'munsi ndi pakati pa zala), pansi pa zala, ndi manja. Kuuma kwa m'mawa komwe kumatenga mphindi 30 kapena kupitilira apo ndi chizindikiro china cha RA, malinga ndi Arthritis Foundation.
RA ndi matenda opita patsogolo. Kukasiyidwa, kutupa kumatha kuyamba kufalikira m'zigawo zina zathupi, kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo zomwe zimatha kukhudza ziwalo zina, monga mtima, mapapo, ndi mitsempha, ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa kulumala kwakanthawi.
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za RA, ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze msanga kuti mulandire chithandizo mwachangu.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zowopsa za Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA imayamba pamene maselo oyera a magazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amateteza thupi ku zowononga zachilendo monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, amalowa mu synovium (minofu yopyapyala yomwe imazungulira mafupa a synovial). Kutupa kumayamba - ndi synovium thickens, kuchititsa kutupa, redness, kutentha, ndi kupweteka kwa synovial olowa.
Pakapita nthawi, synovium yotupa imatha kuwononga chichereŵechereŵe ndi fupa mkati mwa mgwirizano, komanso kufooketsa minofu yothandizira, mitsempha, ndi tendons.
Ofufuza sakudziwa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chilowe mu synovium, koma amakhulupirira kuti majini ndi chilengedwe zimathandizira pakukula kwa RA.
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi majini ena, omwe ndi majini a leukocyte antigen (HLA), ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha RA. HLA gene complex imayang'anira mayankho a chitetezo chamthupi popanga mapuloteni omwe amathandizira chitetezo chamthupi kuzindikira mapuloteni ochokera kwa omwe abwera kunja.
Ma jini ena angapo akuwonekanso kuti amalumikizidwa ndi kutengeka kwa RA, kuphatikiza STAT4, PTPN22, TRAF1-C5, PADI4, CTLA4, pakati pa ena, malinga ndi lipoti la nyuzipepala ya Rheumatology.
Koma si onse omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majini omwe amadziwikiratu omwe amapanga RA, ndipo anthu opanda iwo amatha kukhalabe nayo. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuti zinthu zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi majini omwe amawapangitsa kuti ayambe kudwala. Zinthu izi zikuphatikizapo:
Ma virus ndi mabakiteriya (ngakhale matenda ena amachepetsa chiopsezo cha RA, kwakanthawi)
Mahomoni achikazi
Kukumana ndi mitundu ina ya fumbi ndi ulusi
Kukhudzidwa ndi utsi wa fodya
Kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumawonjezeranso kulumala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi RA. Odwala onenepa amakhala ndi mwayi wopeza chikhululukiro cha RA mosasamala kanthu za chithandizo chomwe amalandira.
Zochitika zovuta kwambiri
Zakudya
Zofunikanso ndizo kusuta komanso mbiri ya banja la RA poonjezera chiopsezo cha munthu chokhala ndi vutoli.
Ana ofika zaka 16 omwe amatupa kapena kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo aliwonse m'thupi nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda a nyamakazi achichepere (JIA).
Kodi Matenda a Rheumatoid Arthritis Amadziwika Bwanji?
Ngakhale kuti palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angazindikire RA, madokotala amalingalira zinthu zingapo poyesa munthu ngati ali ndi nyamakazi.
Njira yodziwira matenda imayamba pamene dokotala atenga mbiri yanu yachipatala ndikuyesa thupi. Adzakufunsani zazizindikiro zanu kuti muwone zizindikiro za RA, makamaka zinthu monga kutupa kwa mafupa kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuuma kwa m'mawa komwe kumatha pafupifupi theka la ola mutadzuka.
Kenako, dokotala wanu adzayitanitsa kuyezetsa magazi kuti azindikire rheumatoid factor (RF) ndi anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), zomwe zingakhale zolembera zenizeni za RA ndipo zingasonyeze RA. Mutha kukhalabe ndi nyamakazi yotupa yofanana kapena popanda zolembera za kutupa.
Mayeso oyerekeza ngati X-ray, ultrasound, ndi maginito ojambulidwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati mafupa anu awonongeka kapena kuzindikira kutupa, kukokoloka, ndi kuchulukana kwamadzimadzi.
M'tsogolomu, madokotala adzatha kudziwa RA pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa infrared (kopanda mphamvu).
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid nyamakazi imagawidwa kukhala seropositive kapena seronegative.
Anthu omwe ali ndi seropositive RA ali ndi ACPAs, yotchedwanso anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides, yomwe imapezeka m'magazi awo. Ma antibodies awa amaukira mafupa a synovial ndikupanga zizindikiro za RA.
Pafupifupi 60 mpaka 80 peresenti ya anthu opezeka ndi RA amakhala ndi ACPAs, ndipo kwa anthu ambiri, ma antibodies amatsogolera zizindikiro za RA ndi zaka 5 mpaka 10, ikutero Arthritis Foundation.
Anthu omwe ali ndi seronegative RA ali ndi matendawa popanda kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies kapena RF m'magazi awo.
Kutalika kwa Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA ndi matenda opita patsogolo komanso osatha. Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ophatikizana kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, makamaka m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, malinga ndi a Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center. Ndicho chifukwa chake chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga n'chofunika kwambiri.
Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi RA amatha kukhala ndi moyo momwe amakhalira, ndipo anthu ambiri amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwachiritsidwa koma kuti zizindikiro zanu zachepetsedwa mpaka mutha kugwira ntchito mokwanira ndipo mafupa anu sakuwonongekanso ndi RA. Ndizothekanso kuti mukhululukidwe ndikuyambiranso, kapena kuti zizindikiro zanu zibwererenso.
Koma kukhululukidwa sikuchitika kwa aliyense, ndipo chifukwa ululu ndi zizindikiro zina za RA zingasinthe pakapita nthawi, kuthetsa ululu kungakhale vuto lopitirirabe. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala opweteka monga nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ndi corticosteroids, pali njira zambiri zothandizira kupweteka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi RA. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwa zina:
Mafuta a nsomba zowonjezera
Mankhwala otentha ndi ozizira
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuyenda
Njira zathupi monga kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo ndi kuvomereza ndi kudzipereka
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