Ukuqonda Inqubekelaphambili Ukusuka Ezilonda Eziyingozi Kuya Kumdlavuza

Umdlavuza awukhuli ngokuphazima kweso; kunalokho, ukuqala kwayo kuyinqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane ngokuvamile ehilela izigaba ezintathu: izilonda ezingaphambi komdlavuza, i-carcinoma in situ (izimila zakuqala), kanye nomdlavuza ohlaselayo.

Izilonda ezinomdlavuza zisebenza njengesixwayiso sokugcina somzimba ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza ubonakale ngokugcwele, okumelela isimo esilawulekayo nesilungisekayo. Nokho, ukuthi lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kuyahlehla noma kuyawohloka kuncike ezenzweni zomuntu.

Yiziphi Izilonda ze-Precancerous?

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izilonda eziyingozi aziwona umdlavuza; awanawo amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Bangabhekwa njengezihlobo eziseduze zomdlavuza, okungenzeka ukuthi ziguquke zibe umdlavuza ngaphansi kwethonya elide lama-carcinogens. Ngakho-ke, azilingani nomdlavuza futhi akufanele zihlanganiswe.

Ukuvela kwezilonda eziyingozi kuya kumdlavuza kuyinqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane, evame ukuthatha iminyaka eminingana noma amashumi eminyaka. Lesi sikhathi esibekiwe sinikeza abantu ithuba elanele lokungenelela. Izilonda ezinomdlavuza zibangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izifo noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli, indlela yokuphila engenampilo, kanye nokuthambekela kofuzo. Ukuhlonza izilonda eziyingozi akuwona umphumela omubi; yithuba lokungenelela okufika ngesikhathi, ukunqanyulwa kwezimila eziyingozi, kanye nokuhlehla okungase kube khona. Izinyathelo ezinjengokususwa kokuhlinzwa, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala, nokuvinjwa kwezinto ezivuselelayo kungabuyisela izilonda eziyingozi zibe sesimweni esivamile.

Akuwona wonke amathumba abonisa izilonda ezivamile, ezitholakala kalula. Izilonda ezivamile ezitholakala emtholampilo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Wesisu: Qaphela I-Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

• Izigaba zokuthuthuka: I-tramal gastric mucosa → I-gastritis engapheli engapheli → I-atrophic gastritis engapheli

• Izinguquko ze-Histological: i-metaplasia yamathumbu, i-dysplasia

• Umphumela wokugcina: Umdlavuza wesisu

Nakuba i-atrophic gastritis engapheli ingaqhubeki njalo ibe umdlavuza wesisu, izimo ezingalashwa noma ukukhuthazwa okuphindaphindiwe (njengokuphuza kakhulu utshwala, i-bile reflux, ukutheleleka kwe-Helicobacter pylori, noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile) kungakhuphula ingozi yomdlavuza.

Ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kufaka:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

• Ukuqina kwesisu nobuhlungu

• Ukulahlekelwa ukudla

• Ukubhodla

• Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Webala: Ungabukeli Ngaphansi I-Adenomatous Colorectal Polyps

• Izigaba zokuqhubeka kwesifo: Umdlavuza we-colonic adenomatous colorectal → Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu → Ama-polyp → Isimila se-polypoid

• Umugqa wesikhathi woshintsho: I-Benign polyps kuya kumdlavuza ngokuvamile ithatha iminyaka emi-5-15.

Izimpawu ze-adenomatous colorectal polyps:

• Ukwanda kokunyakaza kwamathumbu

• Ubuhlungu besisu

• Ukuqunjelwa

• Indle enegazi

Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Wesibindi: Gcina Iso Eliseduze Ku-Cirrhosis Yesibindi

Izigaba zokuqhubekela phambili: I-Hepatitis → I-cirrhosis yesibindi → Umdlavuza wesibindi

Izinto eziyingozi: Abantu abanomlando wesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B nokuhambisana nesifo sokusha kwesibindi basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesibindi.

Izindlela zokungenelela:

• Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi se-B-ultrasound kanye ne-alpha-fetoprotein njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ezigulini ezine-cirrhosis ehlobene ne-hepatitis B.

• Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kokuphindaphinda kwegciwane le-hepatitis B kanye nokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-antiviral yeziguli ze-hepatitis B.

• Ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela: Ukuyeka ukubhema notshwala, nokugwema ukusebenza ngokweqile.

• Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Webele: Qaphela I-Atypical Breast Hyperplasia

Inqubo evamile: Ibele elivamile → I-hyperplasia engeyona engavamile → I-Carcinoma in situ → I-hyperplasia yebele → I-hyperplasia → Umdlavuza webele