Isifo senhliziyo sihlala singumceli mngeni onzima wezempilo kuluntu lwanamhlanje, kunye ne-myocardial infarction (i-heart attack) yenye yeendlela ezinzima kakhulu. Nyaka ngamnye, izigidi zobomi ziyalahleka okanye zichatshazelwe sisifo sentliziyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda iimpawu kunye nempendulo echanekileyo. Eli nqaku linika uphando olunzulu lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kubandakanywa nokuba ziphi na, izizathu zabo, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezenzo ezifanelekileyo zokuthatha, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungele ukuphendula kule ngxakeko ebalulekileyo.
Icandelo 1: Ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
1. Yintoni uHlaselo lweNtliziyo?
Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-myocardial infarction, yimeko enzima ye-cardiovascular eyenzeka xa unikezelo lwegazi kwizicubu zemisipha yentliziyo kuphazamiseka, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuvaleka kwi-coronary arteries. Le mithanjana yimijelo ebalulekileyo yokuhambisa ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwizihlunu zentliziyo. Xa zivaliwe, inxalenye yesihlunu sentliziyo inokonakala okanye ife ngenxa yokungabikho kweoksijini, eyenza isiseko sokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
2. IiMbango kunye neMingcipheko yeMicimbi yoHlaselo lweNtliziyo
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo ngokufuthi kunxulunyaniswa nezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, eziquka uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i<em>cholesterol ephezulu, ukutshaya, isifo seswekile, ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, nesifo sentliziyo sentsapho. Ezi zinto zandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa iiplaque kwi-coronary arteries, ekugqibeleni zikhokelela ekubunjweni kwegazi. Ukongeza, ubudala, isini, kunye nemfuza nayo inokuchaphazela umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda imiba yakho yomngcipheko kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okuwanciphisa kubalulekile kwimpilo yentliziyo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
Iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
Iintlungu ezibuhlungu zesifuba, ngokuqhelekileyo zichazwa njengobunzima, ukucinezela, okanye uxinzelelo-njengoxinzelelo, olunokuthi luphume ngasemva, emagxeni, kunye neengalo. Le ntlungu ihlala ithatha imizuzu emininzi okanye ngaphezulu.
Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha
Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
Ukuxhalaba okuzingisileyo
Ukubila kakhulu
Ukudinwa
Ukuqina kunye nobude bezi mpawu zinokwahluka phakathi kwabantu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, njengoko oku kungabonakalisa ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
Icandelo 2: Ukuphendula kuHlaselo lweNtliziyo
1. Ukuqaphela iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
Ukuqonda iimpawu zokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kubalulekile kuba ukuqondwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenza okuthile kunokusindisa ubomi. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, thabatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza:
Iintlungu ezibuhlungu zesifuba, zihlala zikhatshwa kukuphefumla kancinci kunye nesicaphucaphu.
Iintlungu eziqhubekayo okanye ezibuhlungu.
2. Ukucofa iiNkonzo eziNgxamisekileyo
Wakuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unokufumana isifo sentliziyo, fowunela iinkonzo zikaxakeka ngoko nangoko (ezifana no-911 okanye inombolo yakho yexesha likaxakeka). Ungazami ukuzithutha okanye ufune ezinye iindlela zoncedo, njengoko ixesha libalulekile kwizigulana zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Amaqela eempendulo ezingxamisekileyo axhotyiswe ngobuchule obufunekayo kunye nezixhobo zokubonelela ngononophelo olungcono.
3. Ukusebenzisa i-Aspirin (Ukuba uyacetyiswa)
Ukuba uye wacetyiswa ngugqirha ukuba usengozini yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, banokuncoma ukuhlafuna i-aspirin xa kuvela iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. I-Aspirin inokunceda ukukhusela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, sebenzisa i-aspirin kuphela njengoko uyalelwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo, njengoko isenokungamfanelanga wonke umntu.
4. Ukuphepha Umsebenzi Onzima
Ngethuba lokuqala kweempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, gwema umsebenzi onzima womzimba. Ukuphumla kubalulekile, njengoko umsebenzi onamandla unokwandisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa uxinzelelo lwentliziyo.
5. Ukwenza iCardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) ukuba iyimfuneko
Ukuba uqeqeshwe kwiCPR kwaye uyayazi indlela yokuyilawula, thatha inyathelo xa kuyimfuneko. I-CPR inokunceda ukugcina ukunikezelwa kwe-oxygen de kufike uncedo lwezonyango. Ukuba awuqhelananga neCPR, i-dispatcher kumgca wefowuni engxamisekileyo inokukukhokela kumanyathelo afanelekileyo emva kokubiza uncedo.
Icandelo 3: Ukuzinyamekela Ngelixa Ulindele Uncedo Lwezonyango
1. Zola
Nangona kulucelomngeni ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, zama ukuhlala uzolile kangangoko. Ukuxhalaba kunokwandisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa umthwalo entliziyweni. Ukuphefumula okunzulu kunye neendlela zokucamngca zinokukunceda ukuba uphumle umzimba wakho nengqondo.
2. Hlafuna iAspirin (ukuba ucetyisiwe)
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebise ukuhlafuna i-aspirin xa kuvela iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, landela isikhokelo sabo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-aspirin inokukunika isiqabu, kodwa ungazinikeli ngokwakho, njengoko inokuba nemiphumo emibi kwabanye abantu.
3. Landela iingcebiso zonyango
Nje ukuba iqela lokuphendula lezonyango lifikile, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zabo. Baya kuvavanya imeko yakho kwaye bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo onyango, angabandakanya amayeza okanye iinkqubo zokungenelela.
4. Funa Uncedo neNkxaso kuSapho nakubahlobo
Inkxaso evela kubathandekayo ibalulekile ngexesha lokubuyisela. Ungalibazisi ukufuna uncedo kwaye wabelane ngeemvakalelo zakho. Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo akuchaphazeli nje umzimba kuphela kodwa kunempembelelo yengqondo, okwenza ubukho kunye nenkxaso yabanye ixabiseke ekuhlangabezaneni nalo mngeni.
Icandelo 4: Ukuthintela Ukuhlaselwa Kwentliziyo
1. Ukubaluleka kwendlela yokuphila esempilweni
Ukwamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngundoqo ekuthinteleni ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:
2. Gcina ukutya okunempilo: Yidla iziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, kunye namafutha anempilo ngelixa unciphisa amafutha amaninzi kunye ne-cholesterol.
Umthambo ophakathi: Zibandakanye ubuncinane kwimizuzu eli-150 yokuzivocavoca umzimba ophakathi ngeveki, njengokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, okanye ukuqubha.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo: Funda iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo, ezinje ngokucamngca, i-yoga, okanye umthambo wokuphefumla nzulu.
Lala ngokwaneleyo: Qinisekisa ukulala ngokwaneleyo ebusuku ukuxhasa impilo yentliziyo.
Lawula imiba yoMngcipheko
Ukuba ufumene uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi bokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, sebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ujonge kwaye ulawule ezi meko. Amayeza kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunokuba yimfuneko.
3. Iingcebiso zokuZilolonga kunye nokutya okunempilo
Ukuzilolonga okulinganiselweyo kunye nokutya okunempilo akunciphisi nje kuphela ingozi yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kodwa kukwakhuthaza ukuphila kakuhle. Kuba imeko yomntu wonke kunye neemfuno zahlukile, dibana nogqirha okanye ingcali yezondlo ukuze wenze isicwangciso somthambo kunye nerejimeni yokutya.
4. Yeka ukutshaya kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kotywala
Ukuyeka ukutshaya lelinye lawona manyathelo abalulekileyo okuthintela isifo sentliziyo, njengoko ukutshaya kungoyena nobangela uphambili wengozi. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala, njengoko ukusela ngokugqithiseleyo kunokwandisa ingozi yesifo sentliziyo.
Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kuyinkxalabo enzulu yempilo, kodwa ngokuqonda iimpawu zayo kunye nezenzo ezifanelekileyo, sinokunciphisa umngcipheko kwaye sikhusele impilo yethu yentliziyo. Khumbula, ukuqondwa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango kunokusindisa ubomi. Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku likuncede ukuba uqonde ngcono ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nendlela yokuphendula ngobulumko. Ukuba wena okanye abantu obathandayo ninemiba enxulumene nentliziyo okanye ezinye iinkxalabo zempilo, qiniseka ukuba udibane nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze ufumane iingcebiso kunye nokhathalelo lomntu.
