Nokuba ungumfundi wezonyango okanye utitshala ojonge ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho kwiinkqubo zokujonga isigulana okanye umsasazi onomdla ofuna ulwazi ngamaxabiso kunye neempawu zesigulana se-MeCan, siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku libonelela ngezimvo ezixabisekileyo. Injongo yethu kukunceda abantu baqonde ngcono ukubaluleka kokubeka iliso kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo kunye nokukhetha izixhobo ezithembekileyo. Ngemibuzo engaphezulu okanye ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neemveliso zethu, zive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi nanini na.
Zintoni iiMonitors zeMonde？
I-monitor yesigulane sisixhobo okanye inkqubo eyenzelwe ukulinganisa kunye nokulawula imilinganiselo ye-physiological parameters kwaye inokuthelekiswa nexabiso elimiselweyo elaziwayo, kwaye inokuvakala i-alamu ukuba kukho ukugqithisa.
Iimpawu kunye nobungakanani bokusetyenziswa
1. Iimpawu: Xa izigulana zinokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu, ngakumbi ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo nemiphunga, kwaye zifuna ukubekwa esweni xa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zingazinzanga.
2. Ubungakanani besicelo: ngexesha lotyando, emva kokuhlinzwa, ukunyamekela, isifo senhliziyo, izigulane ezigula kakhulu, iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa, iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha, igumbi le-oksijini ye-Hyperbaric, igumbi lokuhambisa.
Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko
Isakhiwo esisisiseko somlindi wesigulane sineengxenye ezine: iyunithi ephambili, i-monitor, i-sensor ezahlukeneyo kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa. Isakhiwo esiphambili sifakwe kuwo wonke umatshini kunye nezixhobo.
( MCS0022 ) 12 intshi yesigulana ukubeka iliso kwezigulane izincedisi
Ukuhlelwa kweeMoni zezigulane？
Kukho iindidi ezine ezisekelwe kwisakhiwo: iimonitha eziphathekayo, ii-plug-in monitors, ii-telemetry monitors, kunye ne-Holter (i-24-hour ambulatory ECG) i-ECG monitors.
Ngokomsebenzi wahlulwe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-monitor ecaleni kwebhedi, i-monitor ephakathi, kunye ne-monitor yokukhupha (i-telemetry monitor).
Yintoni iMultiparameter Monitor?
Imisebenzi eyisiseko ye-Multiparameter-Monitor ibandakanya i-electrocardiogram (ECG), i-Respiratory (RESP), i-non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP), i-Pulse Oxygen Saturation (SpO2), i-Pulse Rate (PR), kunye ne-Temperature (TEMP).
Ngelo xesha, uxinzelelo lwegazi olungenayo (IBP) kunye ne-End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) inokulungiswa ngokweemfuno zeklinikhi.
Ngezantsi sichaza imigaqo yeeparamitha ezisisiseko ezilinganiswe ngumlindi wesigulane kunye nezilumkiso zokusetyenziswa kwazo.
Ukujongwa kwe-Electrocardiogram (ECG).
Intliziyo lilungu elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza komntu. Igazi linokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kwinkqubo evaliweyo ngenxa yokusebenza rhoqo kwe-systolic kunye ne-diastolic yentliziyo. Imisinga yombane emincinci eyenzeka xa isihlunu sentliziyo sichulumancile sinokuqhutywa ngezicubu zomzimba ukuya kumphezulu womzimba, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kuveliswe amandla ahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. I-electrocardiogram (ECG) ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye ibonise kwimonitha yesigulane ngeepateni zamaza kunye namaxabiso. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo emfutshane yamanyathelo okufumana i-ECG kunye namalungu entliziyo abonakaliswe kwi-ECG yokukhokela nganye.
I. Ukulungiswa kwesikhumba kwi-electrode attachment
Uqhagamshelwano olulungileyo lwesikhumba ukuya kwe-electrode lubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umqondiso we-ECG olungileyo kuba ulusu luyi-conductor embi yombane.
1. Khetha isiza esinolusu olungaguqukiyo kwaye kungekho nakuphi na ukungaqhelekanga.
2. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, phuca iinwele zomzimba wendawo ehambelanayo.
3. Hlamba ngesepha kunye namanzi, ungashiyi intsalela yesepha. Ungasebenzisi i-ether okanye i-ethanol ecocekileyo, baya kumisa ulusu kwaye bandise ukuchasana.
4. Vumela ulusu ukuba lome ngokupheleleyo.
5. Gcoba ulusu ngobumnene ngephepha le-ECG lokulungiselela ulusu ukuze ususe ulusu olufileyo kwaye uphucule i-conductivity yendawo yokunamathisela i-electrode.
II. Xhuma intambo ye-ECG
1. Ngaphambi kokubeka i-electrode, faka iikliphu okanye amaqhosha e-snap kwii-electrode.
2. Beka i-electrodes kwisigulane ngokwenkqubo ekhethiweyo yokukhokela (jonga umzobo olandelayo ngeenkcukacha zomgangatho oqhelekileyo we-3-lead kunye ne-5-lead attachment method, kwaye uqaphele umahluko kwimibala yombala phakathi kwe-American Standard AAMI kunye ne-European Standard IEC iintambo).
3. Qhagamshela intambo ye-electrode kwintambo yesigulane.
Igama lelebhile ye-Electrode | Umbala we-Electrode |
AAMI | EASI | I-IEC | AAMI | I-IEC |
Ingalo yasekunene | I | R | Mhlophe | Bomvu |
Ingalo yasekhohlo | S | L | Mnyama | Lubhelu |
Umlenze wasekhohlo | A | F | Bomvu | Luhlaza |
RL | N | N | luhlaza | Mnyama |
V | E | C | Ntsundu | Mhlophe |
V1 |
| C1 | Umdaka/Obomvu | Mhlophe/Bomvu |
V2 |
| C2 | Brown/Yellow | Mhlophe/Mthubi |
V3 |
| C3 | Umdaka/Buhlaza | Mhlophe/Luhlaza |
V4 |
| C4 | Brown/Blue | Mhlophe/Brown |
V5 |
| C5 | Brown/Orenji | Mhlophe/Mnyama |
V6 |
| C6 | Umdaka/oMsobo | Mhlophe/Msobo |
III. Ukwahluka phakathi kweqela elikhokelayo le-3 kunye neqela elikhokelayo le-5 kunye neendawo zentliziyo ezibonakaliswe ngukhokelo ngalunye
1. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwakhona kulo mzobo ungasentla, sinokufumana ii-ECG ze-I, II, kunye ne-III ezikhokelayo kwiqela elikhokelayo le-3. , ngelixa iqela elikhokelayo le-5 linokufumana ii-ECG ze-I, II, III, aVL, aVR, aVF, kunye ne-V.
2. I kunye ne-aVL zibonisa udonga lwangaphambili olusecaleni lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo; II, III kunye ne-aVF zibonisa udonga lwangasemva lwe-ventricle; I-aVR ibonisa igumbi le-intraventricular; kunye ne-V ibonisa i-ventricle elungileyo, i-septum kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo (kuxhomekeke kwinto oyifunayo ekhokelela ekukhethweni).
Ukujongwa kwe-Respiratory (Resp)
Ukuhamba kwe-Thoracic ngexesha lokuphefumula kubangela utshintsho ekuxhathiseni umzimba, kwaye igrafu yotshintsho kumaxabiso e-impedance ichaza i-wave waveform yokuphefumla, enokubonisa imilinganiselo yezinga lokuphefumla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abahloli baya kulinganisa i-impedance yodonga lwesifuba phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini ze-ECG kwisifuba somguli ukuze kufezekiswe izinga lokuphefumla. Ukongezelela, utshintsho kwi-carbon dioxide concentration ngexesha lokuphefumula lunokubekwa esweni ukubala ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokuphefumula okanye ngokubeka iliso kwinguqu yoxinzelelo kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwisiphaluka sesigulane ngexesha lokungenisa umoya wokubala umsebenzi wokuphefumula wesigulane kwaye ubonise izinga lokuphefumula. .
I. Isikhundla sokukhokela ngexesha lokuhlola ukuphefumla
1. Imilinganiselo yokuphefumla yenziwa kusetyenziswa iskimu somgangatho wentambo ye-ECG eqhelekileyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungasentla.
II. Amanqaku okubeka iliso lokuphefumula
1. Ukubeka iliso lokuphefumula akufanelekile kwizigulane ezinoluhlu olukhulu lomsebenzi, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela kwii-alamu zobuxoki.
2. Kufuneka kugwenywe ukuba ummandla we-hepatic kunye ne-ventricle kumgca we-electrodes yokuphefumula, ukwenzela ukuba i-artifacts evela kwi-cardiac coverage okanye i-pulsatile blood flow ingaphetshwa, ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-neonates.
Uqwalaselo lwe-oxygen yegazi (SpO2)
I-blood oxygen (SpO2) ngumlinganiselo wehemoglobin eneoksijini ukuya kwisixa sehemoglobin eneoksijini kunye nehemoglobin engenawo umoya. Iintlobo ezimbini ze-hemoglobin egazini, i-hemoglobin ene-oksijini (i-HbO2) kunye ne-hemoglobin encitshisiweyo (Hb), inamandla ahlukeneyo okufunxa ukukhanya okubomvu (i-660 nm) kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared (910 nm). Ihemoglobin ephantsi (Hb) ifunxa ukukhanya okubomvu ngakumbi kunye nokukhanya okuncinci kwe-infrared. Okuchaseneyo kuyinyaniso kwi-oxygen hemoglobin (HbO2), ethatha ukukhanya okubomvu okuncinci kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared. Ngokumisela i-LED ebomvu kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared LED kwindawo efanayo ye-nail oximeter, xa ukukhanya kungena ukusuka kwelinye icala lomnwe ukuya kwelinye icala kwaye kufunyenwe yi-photodiode, i-voltage ehambelanayo ehambelanayo inokuveliswa. Emva kokuguqulwa kwe-algorithm yokuguqulwa, umphumo wesiphumo uboniswa kwisikrini se-LCD, esibonwa njenge-gauge yokulinganisa isalathisi sempilo yabantu. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo emfutshane yamanyathelo endlela yokufumana i-oksijini yegazi (SpO2), kunye nezinto ezichaphazela ukubeka iliso kwi-oksijeni yegazi.
I. Nxiba isivamvo
1. Susa ipolishi enemibala kwindawo yokunxiba.
2. Beka inzwa ye-SpO2 kwisigulane.
3. Qinisekisa ukuba ityhubhu ekhanyayo kunye ne-light receiver zihambelana enye kwenye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba konke ukukhanya okuphuma kumbhobho okhanyayo kufuneka kudlule kwizicubu zesigulane.
II. Izinto ezichaphazela ukubeka iliso kwi-oksijeni yegazi
1. Isikhundla se-Sensor asikho kwindawo okanye isigulane sihamba ngamandla.
2. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwengalo ye-ipsilateral okanye i-ipsilateral lateral lying compression.
3. Kulumkele ukuphazamiseka kwesiginali ngokusingqongileyo kokukhanya okuqaqambileyo.
4. Ukungahambi kakuhle komjikelo weperipheral: njengomothuko, ubushushu obuphantsi bomnwe.
5. Iminwe: ipolishi yeenzipho, iintsimbi ezityebileyo, iminwe eyaphukileyo, kunye nezikhonkwane ezinde ngokugqithisileyo zichaphazela ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya.
6. Isitofu se-intravenous yamachiza anemibala.
7. Awukwazi ukubeka iliso kwisiza esinye ixesha elide.
Ukujongwa koxinzelelo lwegazi olungahlaseliyo (NIBP)
Uxinzelelo lwegazi luxinzelelo olusecaleni kwiyunithi yendawo nganye kumthambo wegazi ngenxa yokuhamba kwegazi. Ngokwesiqhelo kulinganiswa ngeemilimitha zemekyuri (mmHg). Ukujongwa koxinzelelo lwegazi olungabonakaliyo lwenziwa yindlela yesandi se-Koch (i-manual) kunye nendlela yokutshatyalaliswa, esebenzisa uxinzelelo lwe-arterial (MP) ukubala i-systolic (SP) kunye ne-diastolic (DP) uxinzelelo.
I. Amanyathelo okhuseleko
1. Khetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwesigulana.
2. Gcina inqanaba lecuff kunye nentliziyo.
3. Sebenzisa icufu yobungakanani obufanelekileyo kwaye uyibophe ukuze 'UMGCA WESIKHOKELO' ube phakathi koluhlu 'URANGE'.
4. I-cuff akufanele iqine kakhulu okanye ikhululeke kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka iboshwe ukuze ifakwe umnwe omnye.
5. Uphawu φ lwekhafu kufuneka lujonge umthambo we-brachial.
6. Ikhefu lexesha lokulinganisa okuzenzekelayo akufanele libe lifutshane kakhulu.
II. Uxinzelelo lwegazi olungathinteliyo oluchaphazela izinto
1. Uxinzelelo olunzima lwegazi: uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic ludlula i-250 mmHg, ukuhamba kwegazi akukwazi ukuvalelwa ngokupheleleyo, i-cuff inokunyuka ngokuqhubekayo kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi alunakulinganiswa.
2. I-hypotension enzima: uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic lungaphantsi kwe-50-60mmHg, uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi kakhulu ukuba lubonise ngokuqhubekayo utshintsho olukhawulezayo lwegazi, kwaye lunokuthi lufakwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngaba unomdla malunga nokujongwa kwesigulane? Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje ukuze ufunde ngakumbi kwaye uthenge!
