Kuhlelelwe ukuba nokuhlinzwa okuncane noma okukhulu? Uzojabula ukwazi ukuthi i-anesthesia namuhla iphephile kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi, Kukhona izinto ezithile ongase ungakwazi nge-anesthesia engahlenza noma yimuphi uvalo futhi uthuthukise umphumela wakho.
Uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuhlinzwa nge-anesthesia, cabanga ngenye indlela. Ukube ubunokuhlinzwa okufanayo eminyakeni engama-200 eyedlule, inketho yakho kuphela yokubhekana nobuhlungu ibingeyo phansi i-whisky ethile futhi ilele amazinyo akho.
Manje, zonke izinsuku iziguli ezingaba ngu-60,000 zithola zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha ngosizo lwalezi zidakamizwa ezibucayi, ngokusho kwezikhungo zikazwelonke zezempilo. Akungatshazwa ukuthi i-anesthesia - noma ngabe ifakwe kugesi noma ifakwe egazini lakho ngudokotela oqeqeshwe kakhulu, udokotela wamazinyo, noma umhlengikazi wokubulala izinzwa - unikeze amandla izigidi zabantu ukuthi bathole izindlela zokwelashwa eziholela ekuphila impilo isikhathi eside nenempilo. Lokho kusho, kunezinto ezithile nge-anesthesia ezingakumangaza.
1. Abantu ababhemayo bangadinga ama-anesthesia amaningi kunababi
Kudala ama-anesthesiologists abona ukuthi ababhemayo bavame ukudinga i-anesthesia eyengeziwe. Futhi manje ochwepheshe base beqala ukuqinisekisa lokhu: Ucwaningo lokuqala oluvezwe emphakathini we-European of Anaesthesiology eBerlin ngamaphesenti angama-33 ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti ama-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwabesifazane kanye nalabo abadalulwe ebhemiweyo badinga amanye amaphesenti angama-20. Okunye ukuthola? Womabili la maqembu okubhema adinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwe-painkiller ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Ababhemayo bacasule imigwaqo yomoya, bachaza uJohn Reynolds, MD, uprofesa ohambisana naye wase-Anesthesiology e-Wake Forest School of Medicine eWinston-Salem, North Carolina. Ngenxa yalokho, bangadinga imithamo ephakeme yemithi yobuhlungu yokuthuthukisa ukubekezelela kwabo ngamashubhu okuphefumula, kusho yena.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abantu ababhemayo noma ababhemayo insangu (insangu) nsuku zonke noma masonto onke bangadinga okungaphezulu kwezinga elijwayelekile le-anesthesia lezinqubo ezijwayelekile, njenge-endoscopic, kushicilelwe ngoMeyi 2019 ku-The Assermen Osteopathic Association.
Uma wazi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuthi uzoqhubeka nokuhlinzwa, ukuyeka ukubhema ngisho nasezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bakho nezinkinga futhi kukusize ekuphakamiseni, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa okushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-anesthesiology.
2. I-anesthesia ayihlali ikuhlele
Ngokwe-Cleveland Clinic:
I-anesthesia yendawo kuphela yendawo encane yomzimba ukuvikela izinhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo njengokudonswa izinyo, ukuthola imithungo yokusika okujulile, noma kususwe imvukuzane.
I-anesthesia yesifunda icindezela izinhlungu nokunyakaza endaweni enkulu yomzimba, kepha kukushiya uze ngokugcwele futhi ukwazi ukukhuluma nokuphendula imibuzo. Kunikezwe okukodwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuyisibonelo esisodwa.
I-General Anesthesia ithinta umzimba wonke, ukukwenza ungazi futhi ungakwazi ukunyakaza. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa imisebenzi emikhulu nedla isikhathi. Emithanjeni emincane, umuthi we-anesthesia ojwayelekile ungasetshenziselwa ukunxenxa okuthile okubizwa ngokuthi yi-anesthesia ye-twiture,
3. Kungenzeka ukuvuka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Kepha futhi kuqabukela kakhulu, kwenzeka ku-1 noma 2 kuphela kuzo zonke izinqubo zezokwelapha ezibandakanya i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngokusho kweNhlangano yaseMelika ye-Anesthesiologists (ASA). Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi ngu- Ukuvuka okunjalo kuvame ukuba mfushane futhi iziguli zivame ukungazizwa izinhlungu. Ukuqwashisa kwe-anesthesia kungaba kuvame kakhulu ezigulini ezinobungozi obukhulu ezinezimo zezempilo eziningi, noma labo abaphathwa ngesimo esiphuthumayo, lapho umthamo ojwayelekile we-anesthesia awunakunikezwa ngokuphepha.
4. Ukuba nzima kungakhulisa ubungozi bakho bezinkinga
Kunzima ukuthi izazi ze-anesthesiologists zinikeze umthamo omuhle kakhulu wemithi futhi zilethe lo muthi ongenasisekelo ezigulini ezikhuluphele kakhulu, ngokusho kwe-ASA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuluphala kukhulisa ubungozi be-apnea yokulala, isimo esibangela ukuphefumula njalo ekuphefumuleni. Lokhu kungenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umoya-mpilo okwanele kanye ne-airflew, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzwakala okujwayelekile, kube nzima ngokwengeziwe. Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kunganciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga.
5. Odokotela bathola izindlela ezahlukahlukene ukuthi i-anesthesia ingasebenza ngayo
Emuva lapho ama-anesthetics ebevele evele ehlinzwe njalo, odokotela ababeziphatha bebazi okuncane kakhulu ngokuthi basebenza kanjani, ngokusho kweNational Institute of General Medical Science (NIGMS). Namuhla, kukholelwa ukuthi ama-anesthetics aphazamisa amasiginali wezinzwa ngokuhlosela ama-molecule athile amaprotheni ngaphakathi kwama-membranes we-nerve cell. Lapho ososayensi beqhubeka nokufunda kabanzi nge-anesthesia, le mithi izosebenza kuphela, kusho ama-nigms.
6. I-Redheads ayidingi i-anesthesia ethe xaxa kunanoma ngubani omunye umuntu
Lokhu 'kusakazeke kabanzi Inganekwane yasemadolobheni emphakathini obulala izinzwa, Okushukumisele umbono wokuthi abantu abanezinwele ezibomvu kungenzeka babe nohlobo olubizwa ngokuthi yi-melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), okwakucatshangwa ukuthi banciphise ukuzwela komuntu ku-anesthetics, uDkt Harwood uyachaza. Kepha lowo mbono awuzange ugodliwe ngaphansi kokusheshiswa okuqhubekayo: Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Anesthesia kanye nokunakekelwa okuthe xaxa kwatholakala ukuthi kungakanani i-anesthesia evamile, noma inani lobuhlungu bezinwele ezibomvu noma ezinweleni ezimnyama.
7. Ungafuna ukuzama i-aromatherapy lapho uvuka
Ama-Scents athile aboniswe ukusiza ukuqeda isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwe-anesthesia. Isifundo esisodwa, esishicilelwe ngephephandaba sikaFebhuwari 2019 ejeni elihambisanayo kwezokwelapha kwezokwelapha, lithole ukuthi incining ginger noma i-lavender uwoyela obalulekile imizuzu emihlanu inciphisa ubukhulu balezo zimpawu ezingcono kune-placebo. Ngokufanayo, isifundo sangaphambilini esishicilelwe ebhukwini i-anansosia naseAnaliyia saphetha ngokuthi iziguli ezinomphefumlo ogcwele ezijulile ngenkathi zihlanganisa i-ginger pad ngenqubo yazo futhi zicele izidakamizwa ezimbalwa ukuba ziphathe isicanucanu sazo.
8. I-Anesthesia ingathinta inkumbulo yakho
I-General Anesthesia ingadala ukulahleka kwenkumbulo okungahlala izinsuku, ngisho nezinyanga, ngokusho kweToronto Facty of Medicine Study enyatheliswe ngoNovemba 2014 emibonweni yophenyo lwezokwelapha. Njengoba abaphenyi bechaza, cishe amaphesenti angama-37 abantu abadala, namaphesenti angama-41 eziguli asebekhulile, babika ukuthi banezinkinga zenkumbulo ezikhundleni lapho bephuma esibhedlela. Okunye kwalokhu kulahleka kwenkumbulo kungahle kube ngenxa yezici ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia, njengokuvuvukala noma ukucindezelwa okubangelwa ukuhlinzwa. Kepha kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yomphumela we-anesthesia wokulahlekelwa inkumbulo engqondweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifundo sakamuva se-Mayo Clinic, esishicilelwe kumagazini weBritish 2018 weBritish Journal of Anesthesia, uphakamise ukuthi ukuvezwa kwe-anesthesia kungadala ukwehla kwezinkinga zenkumbulo ezifihliwe ezigulini ezingama-70.
Iqiniso: Noma ngabe yiminyaka yakho, bhala phansi imiyalo kadokotela wakho ngemuva kokuba ne-anesthesia ejwayelekile, noma ulethe umngane osondelene noma ilungu lomndeni nani ongafakazela ukunemba kwalokho obekuzwayo.
