I-arthritis ye-Rheumatoid (RA) sisifo esingapheliyo sokuvuvukala kwamalungu.Ngaphakathi komzimba, amajoyina ngamanqaku apho amathambo ahlangana khona kwaye avumele ukuhamba.Uninzi lwala malungu - lawo abizwa ngokuba yi-synovial joints - nawo abonelela ngokufunxa ukothuka.
I-RA yimeko ye-autoimmune, apho amajoni akho omzimba enza iimpazamo kwiinwebu zamalungu akho njenge 'yasemzini' kwaye iwahlasele kwaye ayonakalise, okukhokelela ekudumbeni nakwiintlungu.
Esi sifo sihlala sichaphazela amalungu ezandla, izihlahla, kunye namadolo ngokulinganayo.Akukho unyango, kodwa i-RA inokulawulwa ngonyango olulungileyo, ngokutsho kwamaZiko oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC).
Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-Rheumatoid Arthritis
I-Rheumatoid arthritis sisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esingaqondwa kakuhle ngabasebenzi bezonyango okanye abaphandi.
Iimpawu zokuqala zesifo, ezifana nokudumba kwamalungu, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nokuqina kwamalungu, ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala ngokuthe ngcembe nangendlela echuliweyo, iimpawu zikhula kancinci kancinci kangangeeveki ukuya kwiinyanga kwaye ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.I-RA idla ngokuqala kumathambo amancinci ezandla (ingakumbi lawo asezantsi naphakathi kweminwe), isiseko seenzwane, kunye nezihlahla.Ukuqina kwasekuseni okuhlala kwimizuzu ye-30 okanye ngaphezulu yenye uphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-RA, ngokwe-Arthritis Foundation.
I-RA sisifo esiqhubekayo.Xa ishiywe inganyangwanga, ukudumba kunokuqala ukukhula kwamanye amalungu omzimba, kubangele iingxaki ezinokuthi zichaphazele amanye amalungu, njengentliziyo, imiphunga kunye nemithambo-luvo, kwaye kunokubangela ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide.
Ukuba uneempawu ze-RA, kubalulekile ukuba ufunyanwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane unyango olukhawulezileyo.
Iimbangela kunye neMingcipheko ye-Rheumatoid Arthritis
I-RA ikhula xa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezihlala zikhusela umzimba kubahlaseli bangaphandle njengebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, zingena kwi-synovial (izicubu ezibhityileyo ezidibanisa amalunga e-synovial).Ukuvuvukala kulandelwa - i-synovium iyaqina, ibangele ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, ukufudumala, kunye nentlungu kwi-synovial joint.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-synovium evuthayo inokonakalisa i-cartilage kunye nethambo ngaphakathi komgudu, kunye nokunciphisa izihlunu ezixhasayo, iigaments kunye neetoni.
Abaphandi abazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba amajoni omzimba ahlasele i-synovium, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ufuzo kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo zidlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-RA.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abanemfuza ethile, oko kukuthi i-leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuphuhlisa i-RA.I-HLA gene complex ilawula iimpendulo zamajoni omzimba ngokuvelisa iiproteni ezinceda amajoni omzimba abone iiproteni ezivela kubahlaseli bamanye amazwe.
Iqela lezinye iijini zikwabonakala ngathi zinxulunyaniswa nokuchaphazeleka kwe-RA, kubandakanya i-STAT4, i-PTPN22, i-TRAF1-C5, i-PADI4, i-CTLA4, phakathi kwabanye, ngokwengxelo kwijenali yeRheumatology.
Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onale mizila yemfuza echongiweyo ephuhlisa iRA, kwaye abantu abangenayo basenokuyiphuhlisa.Ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba izinto zokusingqongileyo zihlala zibangela esi sifo, ngakumbi kubantu abanemfuza ebenza bachaphazeleke ngakumbi.Ezi zinto ziquka:
Iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya (nangona usulelo oluthile lunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-RA, ubuncinane okwethutyana)
Iihomoni zabasetyhini
Ukuvezwa kwiintlobo ezithile zothuli kunye nemicu
Ukuba sesichengeni kumsi wecuba
Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, okwandisa ukuqhubela phambili kokukhubazeka kubantu abane-RA.Izigulana ezityebe ngokugqithiseleyo azifane zifikelele kuxolelo lwe-RA nokuba zilufumana luphi unyango.
Iziganeko ezicinezela kakhulu
Ukutya
Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kukutshaya kunye nembali yentsapho ye-RA ekwandiseni umngcipheko womntu wokuphuhlisa imeko.
Abantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eyi-16 abanamava adumbileyo okanye abuhlungu ixesha elide naphi na emzimbeni badla ngokufunyaniswa bene-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Ifunyaniswa njani iRheumatoid Arthritis?
Ngelixa kungekho luvavanyo olunye olunokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo luyixilonge i-RA, oogqirha bajonga izinto ezininzi xa bevavanya umntu one-rheumatoid arthritis.
Inkqubo yokuxilongwa ngokuqhelekileyo iqala xa ugqirha efumana imbali yakho yonyango kwaye aqhube uvavanyo lomzimba.Baya kukubuza malunga neempawu zakho zokukhangela iimpawu ze-RA, ngokukodwa izinto ezifana nokudumba kwamalungu ixesha elide kunye nokuqina kwasekuseni okuthatha ubuncinane isiqingatha seyure emva kokuba uvukile.
Okulandelayo, ugqirha wakho uya kuodola iimvavanyo zegazi ukubona i-rheumatoid factor (RF) kunye ne-anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), enokuba ngabaphawuli abathile be-RA kwaye banokubonisa i-RA.Usenokuba ne-symmetrical arthritis yokuvuvukala kunye okanye ngaphandle kweempawu zenkqubo yokukrala.
Uvavanyo lokucinga olufana ne-X-reyi, i-ultrasound, kunye ne-magnetic resonance imagery scans lunokusetyenziswa ukunceda ugqirha abone ukuba amalungu akho onakele na okanye abone ukudumba kwamalungu, ukhukuliseko, kunye nokwanda kolwelo.
Kwixesha elizayo, oogqirha banokukwazi ukuxilonga i-RA ngokusebenzisa (i-nonvasive) ukukhanya kwe-infrared.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeRheumatoid Arthritis
I-arthritis ye-Rheumatoid ihlelwa njenge-seropositive okanye i-seronegative.
Abantu abane-seropositive RA bane-ACPAs, ebizwa ngokuba yi-anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides, efunyenwe kuvavanyo lwegazi labo.Ezi zithinteli zihlasela amalungu e-synovial kwaye zivelise iimpawu ze-RA.
Malunga nama-60 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini abantu abafunyaniswa bene-RA bane-ACPAs, yaye kubantu abaninzi, izilwa-buhlungu zandulela iimpawu zeRA ngeminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10, ngokutsho kweArthritis Foundation.
Abantu abane-seronegative RA banesifo ngaphandle kobukho be-antibodies okanye i-RF egazini labo.
Ixesha le-Rheumatoid Arthritis
I-RA sisifo esiqhubekayo kunye nesingapheliyo.Umonakalo kumathambo adibeneyo kwenzeka kwangoko kakhulu ekuqhubekeni kwesi sifo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala, ngokutsho kweJohn Hopkins Arthritis Centre.Yiyo loo nto unyango lwakwangoko lubalulekile.
Ngonyango olusebenzayo, lwakwangoko, abantu abaninzi abane-RA banokuphila ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye abantu abaninzi banokufikelela uxolelo lweempawu.Oku akuthethi ukuba uphilisiwe kodwa ke ukuba iimpawu zakho zithotyiwe ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba ukwazi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye amalungu akho awonakaliswa ngakumbi yiRA.Kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane uxolelo kwaye emva koko ubuyele, okanye ubuye iimpawu zakho.
Kodwa ukuxolelwa akwenzeki kumntu wonke, kwaye ngenxa yokuba iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-RA zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukulawulwa kweentlungu kunokuba yinkxalabo eqhubekayo.Ukongeza kumayeza eentlungu afana ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs kunye ne-corticosteroids, zininzi iinketho zokuthomalalisa iintlungu kubantu abaphila neRA.Ezi ziquka, phakathi kwezinye:
Izongezo zeoli yeentlanzi
Unyango olushushu kunye nokubanda
Ukuzivocavoca kunye nokunyakaza
Iindlela zomzimba zengqondo ezifana nokunciphisa uxinzelelo olusekelwe kwingqondo kunye nokwamkelwa kunye nokuzibophelela
I-Biofeedback
