Chirwere Cheshuga Kuziva Uye Kudzivirira

Gore roga roga nomusi wa14 Mbudzi, vanhu pasi rese vakaungana vanoisa pfungwa padambudziko rakakosha reutano — chirwere cheshuga. Zuva iri rakasarudzwa seWorld Diabetes Day neUnited Nations neInternational Diabetes Federation, nechinangwa chekusimudzira veruzhinji pamwe nekuziva nezvechirwere cheshuga. Gore rino rinocherechedza zuva rechigumi nenomwe reWorld Diabetes Day, iro rine dingindira rinoti 'Munhu wese Anokodzera Diabetes Health Management' uye sirogani inoti 'Ziva Dambudziko, Ziva Mhinduro.' Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa mamiriro echirwere cheshuga, huwandu hwevanhu vari munjodzi huru, matanho ekudzivirira, nezvimwe, zvichipa vaverengi kunzwisisa kwakadzama.

I. Chii chinonzi Pre-diabetes?

Pre-diabetes inoreva mamiriro ekuti mazinga eshuga yemunhu akakwira kupfuura zvakajairika asi asati asvika pakuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga. Inomiririra danho rekutanga mukukura kwechirwere cheshuga, apo maitiro emuviri kune insulin anotanga kupera simba, uye kutonga kweshuga yeropa hakushandi sezvazviri mumamiriro ezvinhu.

Mamiriro ekutanga ane chekuita nepre-diabetes anosanganisira:

◆ Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG): Kutsanya mazinga eshuga muropa akakwira asi haaenderane nezvinodiwa zvechirwere cheshuga. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoreva kutsanya shuga yeropa iri pakati pe100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) uye 125 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L).

◆ Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT): Maawa maviri ehuga hwehuga panguva yemuromo weglucose tolerance test (OGTT) yakakwirira kudarika yakajairika asi haisviki pachiyero chechirwere cheshuga. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoreva mazinga eshuga yemaawa maviri ari pakati pe140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) uye 199 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L).

Kuvapo kwe pre-diabetes kunoratidza njodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga asiwo kunopa mukana wekudzivirira. Kuburikidza nemararamiro ane hutano, kudya kwakakwana, kurovedza muviri zvine mwero, uye kuchengetedza uremu hune hutano, vanhu vane pre-diabetes vanogona kunonoka kana kudzivirira kufambira mberi kwechirwere cheshuga. Naizvozvo, kupindira kwehupenyu hwekuita uye kugara uchitarisa kwakakosha kune vanhu vanoonekwa vaine pre-diabetes. Kutora matanho nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kana kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere cheshuga.

II. Ndivanaani Vagari Vane Mungozi Yakanyanya Yechirwere cheshuga (Vakuru> makore gumi nemasere)?

Muvanhu vakuru, vanhu vari panjodzi huru yechirwere cheshuga vanosanganisira vanhu vane imwe kana kupfuura yezvinotevera njodzi. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga. Izvo zvinonyanya kuisa njodzi kune vanhu vari panjodzi huru yechirwere cheshuga ndezvi:

1. Zera ≥40 makore: Ngozi yechirwere cheshuga inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nezera.

2. Nhoroondo ye-pre-diabetes (IGT, IFG, kana zvose): Yakamboonekwa kuti ine pre-diabetes, kureva, kukanganisa kutsanya shuga yeropa kana kukanganisa kushivirira kweglucose.

3. Kufutisa (BMI ≥24 kg/m²) kana kufutisa (BMI ≥28 kg/m²) uye/kana kuwandisa kwepakati: Kufutisa uye kufutisa zvinhu zvine ngozi zvikuru zvechirwere cheshuga, kunyanya kuwanda kwepakati, kunoratidzwa nekuunganidza mafuta emudumbu.

4. Mararamiro okungogara: Kusaita maekisesaizi uye kugara kwenguva refu kunowedzera njodzi yechirwere cheshuga.

5. Nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere cheshuga chechipiri pakati pehama dzekutanga-dhigirii: Nhengo dzemhuri dzakananga (vabereki, vanin'ina) vane nhoroondo yechirwere cheshuga chechipiri.

6. Nhoroondo yeGestational Diabetes muvakadzi: Yakamboonekwa kuti ine gestational diabetes panguva yekuzvitakura.

7. Kuwedzera kweropa: Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg uye/kana diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg kana kuitiswa antihypertensive treatment.

8. Mishonga yeropa isina kukwana: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ≤0.91 mmol / L uye / kana triglycerides (TG) ≥2.22 mmol / L kana kuti inoderedza lipid-kuderedza therapy.

9. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) varwere: Vanhu vari kutotambura neatherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

10. Nhoroondo yechirwere cheshuga chenguva pfupi steroid: Yakambosangana nezvikamu zvenguva pfupi zveshuga yepamusoro yeropa.

11. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) varwere kana mamiriro ehutano akabatanidzwa ne insulin resistance: Zvakadai se hirsutism.

12. Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye / kana mishonga uye statins: Mishonga chaiyo inogona kubatanidzwa nekukura kwechirwere cheshuga.

Kuvapo kwezvinhu izvi zvinogona kuita kuti vanhu vanyanye kubatwa nechirwere cheshuga. Naizvozvo, kugara uchiongorora chirwere cheshuga uye manejimendi ehutano zvinova zvakakosha kune vanhu vari panjodzi huru.

III. Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveChirwere cheshuga?

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi uye nguva yechirwere cheshuga. Zvisinei, kazhinji, hezvino zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa nechirwere cheshuga:

Polyuria (kubuda weti): Varwere veshuga vanowanzonzwa nyota nekuti shuga yakakwira muropa inowedzera mvura yemumuviri, izvo zvinoita kuti ugare uchiweta.

1. Polydipsia (nyota yakawandisa): Pamusana pekuita weti nguva dzose, varwere vanogona kuwana nyota isina kujairika semhinduro yemuviri pakurasikirwa kwemvura.

2. Kurasikirwa kwehuremu: Pasinei nekuwedzera kwekuda kudya, kusakwanisa kwemasero kushandisa glucose zvinobudirira kunotungamirira kuparara kwetsandanyama nemafuta kuitira simba, zvichiita kuti uremu huremerwe.

3. Kuneta: Varwere vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kunzwa kuneta kana kupera simba, zvichida nekuda kwekutadza kwemuviri kushandisa shuga yeropa sechitubu chesimba.

4. Kusaona zvakanaka: Kukwira kweshuga yemuropa kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemvura mumaziso, zvichikonzera kusaona zvakanaka. Izvi zvinowanzova zvenguva pfupi, uye zviratidzo zvinogona kudzikira nekudzorwa kweshuga yeropa.

5. Kupora ronda zvishoma nezvishoma: Chirwere cheshuga chinokanganisa kukwanisa kwemuviri kuporesa maronda nekukuvara, zvichiita kuti ronda apore kwenguva refu.

6. Zvirwere zvinogara zvichiitika: Varwere vane chirwere cheshuga vanowanzobatwa nehosha, kunyanya muganda, weti, uye kufema.

7. Chiveve kana kurira mumigumo (diabetic neuropathy): Shuga yenguva refu yeropa inogona kukuvadza hurongwa hwetsinga, zvichiita kuti chiveve, kurira, kana kurwadziwa mumakumbo.

8. Maronda emakumbo: Chirwere cheshuga chisingadzoreki zvakanaka kwenguva yakareba chinogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwetsinga netsinga, zvichiwedzera njodzi yemaronda ezasi.

9. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwepabonde: Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ekuita zvepabonde, kukanganisa libido nekushanda.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusaonekwa nemurwere wese ane chirwere cheshuga uye dzimwe nguva anogona kunge akapfava. Kunyanya mukutanga kwechirwere cheshuga, zviratidzo zvingave zvisinganzwisisiki. Naizvozvo, kuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga kwekutanga kwakakosha kune vanhu vari panjodzi huru uye avo vane zviratidzo. Kana pane zviratidzo zvine chokuita nechirwere cheshuga kana njodzi, kuongororwa kwechiremba panguva yakakodzera uye kuongororwa kunokurudzirwa.

IV. Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveDiabetes Complications?

Matambudziko eshuga anomuka kubva mukukuvadzwa kwenguva refu kunokonzerwa neshuga yepamusoro yeropa kune dzakasiyana nhengo uye masisitimu emuviri. Matambudziko aya anogona kukura muvarwere veshuga, kunyanya kana chirwere cheshuga chikasadzorwa zvakakwana kana kurapwa nekukasira. Heano mamwe matambudziko akajairika echirwere cheshuga uye zviratidzo zvawo zvinogoneka:

1. Chirwere chemwoyo: Shuga yeropa yakakwirira inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwetsinga, kuwedzera njodzi yehosha yemwoyo uye sitiroko. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwechipfuva, palpitations, kupfupika kwekufema, kuneta, nezvimwe.

2. Peripheral neuropathy: Shuga yeropa yakareba kwenguva refu inogona kutungamirira kukuvadzwa kwegadziriro yetsinga, zvichiita kuti chiveve, kurira, kurwadziwa, kana kunzwa kusina kujairika mumigumo.

3. Chirwere chetsvo cheshuga: Shuga yepamusoro inogona kukuvadza itsvo, pakupedzisira inotungamirira kuchirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kuchinja kweweti (yakawedzera kana kuderera), kuzvimba, kukwira kweropa.

4. Diabetic retinopathy: Chirwere chechirwere cheshuga chimwe chezvinetso zvemaziso zvinowanzoonekwa nevarwere vane chirwere cheshuga, zvichiita kuti pave nekusvibiswa kwemaonero, kurasikirwa kwekuona, kana kupofumara.

5. Matambudziko etsoka: Kureba kweshuga yeropa kunogona kutungamirira kukuvadzwa kwetsinga dzetsoka nemidziyo yeropa, kuwedzera njodzi yemaronda etsoka uye zvirwere.

6. Hypertension: Chirwere cheshuga neBP zvinowanzobatana uye zvinokanganisana. Hypertension inogona kunge yakazvimiririra njodzi yedambudziko rechirwere cheshuga.

7. High cholesterol: Shuga yepamusoro inogona kutungamirira kune lipid abnormalities, kuwedzera njodzi yeatherosclerosis uye zvirwere zvemwoyo.

8. Diabetic neuropathy: Mukuwedzera kune peripheral neuropathy, inogonawo kutungamirira kukukuvadza kune autonomic nervous system, zvichikonzera matambudziko emudumbu, kusagadzikana kwepabonde, nezvimwewo.

9. Rutsoka rweDiabetic: Yenguva refu yeshuga yeropa inogona kutungamirira kukuderedzwa kwekunzwa mumakumbo, zvichiita kuti vagadzirise kukuvara, pakupedzisira vachiva maronda uye zvirwere.

10. Kuwedzera kwengozi yekuputsika: Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti njodzi yekuputsika inogona kuwedzera kune vane chirwere cheshuga, kunyanya kune vakwegura.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kutanga kwematambudziko aya kunogona kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma, dzimwe nguva kune varwere vasati vazviziva. Naizvozvo, kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga, kuongororwa kwehutano nguva dzose uye kutonga kweshuga yeropa ndizvo zvakakosha pakudzivirira matambudziko. Kukurumidza kuona uye matanho akakodzera ekurapa anogona kunyatsodzikisa kufambira mberi kwematambudziko.

V. Nzira Yokugadzirisa Sei Mamiriro Epamusoro?

Kana shuga yako yemuropa yakajairika uye uri panjodzi huru yechirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kuchengetedza mararamiro ane hutano, kuita maekisesaizi zvine mwero, uye kugara uchitarisa zviratidzo zvemetabolism zvakaita seBP, shuga yeropa, lipids yeropa, uye uremu.

Kana iwe uri mukutanga kwechirwere cheshuga, kusimbisa mararamiro ako kwakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzikisira munyu nedoro kunwa, kutora kudya kwakadzikama, kudzora macalorie ekudya, uye kuita zvekusimbisa muviri zvakanyanya kweanopfuura maminetsi e150 pasvondo. Kana zvinangwa zvekupindira zvinotarisirwa zvikasaitika mushure memwedzi mitanhatu, kupindira kwezvinodhaka, senge metformin kana acarbose, kunogona kutariswa.

Kana ukaonekwa uine chirwere cheshuga, hapana chikonzero chekunetseka. Maererano neruzivo rwemazuva ano rwezvokurapa, chirwere cheshuga hachisi chinotyisa sezvachinoratidzika. Nekupindira panguva yakakodzera, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kunyatsogadziriswa, kuwana kuregererwa kwekliniki uye kukusunungura kubva kumishonga inoderedza glucose. Ndeapi mapoka evanhu angangowana shuga reversal?

1. Varwere vepakutanga vane chirwere cheshuga: Kushanda kwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwevarwere vekutanga vane chirwere cheshuga, kusanganisira kudya kwakakwana, kudzora uremu, uye kuwedzera kurovedza muviri, zvinogona kubatsira kudzorera chirwere cheshuga kune imwe nzvimbo.

2. Vachangobva kuongororwa vane chirwere cheshuga: Kupindira panguva yakakodzera, kusanganisira mararamiro uye kuvandudzwa kwezvokudya, kune vachangobva kuongororwa vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa kufambira mberi kwechirwere cheshuga.

3. Varwere vechirwere cheshuga vakafuta kana kuti vakafutisa: Kurema kwakada kufanana nechirwere cheshuga. Kuburikidza nekudzora uremu, kudya kwakaderera-mafuta, uye kuwedzera maekisesaizi, vakafutisa kana vakafutisa vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kuwana reversal.

4. Varwere vane mhinduro yakanaka kune kuchinja kwehupenyu: Vamwe varwere vanowanzochinja mararamiro avo, kusanganisira kudya uye maitiro ekurovedza muviri. Kune varwere ava, kutevedzera mararamiro ane hutano kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mukana wekudzokera shure kwechirwere cheshuga.

5. Varwere vechidiki vane chirwere cheshuga: Varwere vechidiki vane chirwere cheshuga vanowanzova nekugadzikana kwemetabolism. Nekuchinja mararamiro avo, vanogona kuwana zviri nyore kuwana chirwere cheshuga.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chirwere cheshuga hachishandi kumunhu wose, uye migumisiro inogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu nemunhu. Kusiyana kwega kwega kwechimiro chemuviri, kuoma kwechirwere cheshuga, uye mararamiro zvichakanganisa mukana wekudzokera shure. Nokudaro, chero chirongwa chekugadzirisa chirwere cheshuga chinofanira kuitwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kwachiremba uye chinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ega. Vanachiremba vanogona kuongorora hutano hwese hwevarwere, kupa mazano akakodzera, uye kugadzira zvirongwa zvekurapa zvemunhu.