Mumakore achangopfuura, maitiro anovhiringa anozivikanwa se 'sunscreen paradox' akasiya varapi vachikwenya misoro. Pasinei nekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwezuva, huwandu hwe melanoma nemamwe magomarara eganda akawedzera. Chidzidzo chakabva kuYunivhesiti yeMcGill muMontreal chinojekesa tsananguro inogona kuitika: pfungwa isiriyo yekuti sunscreen inopa rezinesi rekuvhenekwa kwezuva kusingagumi. Chinyorwa ichi chinoongorora mamiriro azvino egomarara reganda, zviratidzo zvaro, zvinokonzeresa njodzi, uye zvinoburitsa nzira dzekusaziva dzinogona kuwedzera njodzi yavo.
Skin Cancer Statistics:
Invasive melanoma kesi dzakakwira ne27% mumakore gumi apfuura.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) mitengo yakawedzera neinosvika gumi muzana pagore.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) kuongororwa kwakasvika miriyoni imwe yemakesi pagore muUS
Merkel cell carcinoma kesi dzinofungidzirwa kudarika zviuru zvitatu nemazana maviri pagore mumakore maviri anotevera.
Iyo Sunscreen Misconception:
Vanhu vazhinji vanotenda zvisiri izvo kuti kupfeka sunscreen kunobvumira kuratidzwa kwezuva kusingagumi. Nyanzvi yeDermatologist James Ralston anosimbisa kuti chiitiko chega chega cheganda chinokuvadza ganda, kukurumidza kukwegura uye kuwedzera njodzi yegomarara reganda.
Skin Cancer Zviratidzo:
MD Anderson Cancer Center inonyora zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvegomarara reganda, kusanganisira shanduko yeruvara, chimiro, kana saizi yemakwapa aripo, nzvimbo dzinovava kana dzinorwadza, maronda asingapore, uye kukura kusingaite.
Risk Factors:
Vanhu vane anopfuura makumi mashanu mamoles, makuru kana atypical moles ari panjodzi huru.
Avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri ye melanoma, katsika kekupisa zuva zviri nyore, uye zvinhu zvakanaka zvinonyanya kubatwa.
Kuongororwa kwegomarara reganda kwakapfuura kana mamwe magomarara sengezamu kana kenza yegomarara inowedzera njodzi.
Zvisingaonekwe Risk Factors:
Kushandisa Sunscreen isina kukwana:
Dermatologist Vivian Bucay anoyambira kuti vanhu havawanzoshandisa sunscreen yakakwana, vachipa 2 maspunipu emuviri wese.
Nzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi senzvimbo yeziso, nzeve, maoko, mutsipa, uye miromo hazvifanirwe kuregeredzwa.
Mwaka Kushandiswa Sunscreen:
Sunscreen yakakosha gore rose, sezvo mwaranzi yeUV inogona kupinda mumakore.
Vanofarira mitambo yechando vakatarisana nenjodzi yakawedzerwa nekuda kwechando chinoratidza 80% yemwaranzi yezuva.
Kuratidzwa Kwezuva Mumba:
Mwaranzi yezuva inopinda mumahwindo, zvichiita kuti pave nechando chezuva kunyange mumba.
Mahwindo emota, kunyangwe ane tinted, anobvumira UVA kupinda, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekukuvara kwezuva.
Kusiyana kweGender:
Varume vanonyanya kusava nechokwadi nekushanda kwe sunscreen uye kudzivirira kuongorora ma mole.
Basa rekunze uye nhandaro inobatsira kune yakakwira UV kuratidzwa kwevarume.
Kushaikwa Kwekuziva Kwenhoroondo Yemhuri:
Nhoroondo yemhuri yakakosha, sezvo njodzi ye melanoma inogona kugarwa nhaka.
Genetic test inokurudzirwa kune avo vane njodzi chaiyo.
Matanho ekudzivirira:
Dzivisa nguva dzezuva repamusoro (10 am kusvika 2 pm) uye tsvaga mumvuri.
Shandisa yakafara-spectrum, inodzivirira mvura sunscreen ine kanenge SPF 30.
Gwira zvipfeko zvinodzivirira zuva gore rose kuti uwedzere kuchengeteka.
Kunzwisisa kuomarara kwegomarara reganda, kusanganisira gangaidzo rezuva, kwakakosha pakudzivirira kunoshanda. Nekubvisa fungidziro dzisiridzo, kuwedzera ruzivo, uye kutora matanho akazara ekuchengetedza zuva, vanhu vanogona kuderedza njodzi yavo uye kubatsira mukurwisa chirwere ichi chinodzivirirwa.
范文
Nov. 28, 2023 -- 'Chinhu chakakanganisika chezuva' chakavhiringidza vanachiremba munguva pfupi yapfuura: Sezvo vanhu vakawanda vachishandisa sunscreen, huwandu hwemelanoma nemamwe magomarara eganda ari kuwedzera.
Huwandu hwemarudzi ese egomarara reganda hunokatyamadza:
Invasive melanoma kesi dzinoonekwa gore negore dzakawedzera 27% mumakore gumi apfuura.
Huwandu hwebasal cell carcinoma (BCC) hwakwira mumapoka ese ezera munyika pamwero ungangoita gumi muzana gore rega rega, sekureva kweNational Library of Medicine.
Yale Medicine inoshuma kuti squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) yakwira kusvika kunosvika miriyoni imwe chete yekesi dzinowanikwa muUS pagore.
Kunyangwe zviitiko zveMerkel cell carcinoma, kenza isingawanzo, ine hutsinye yeganda iyo yakakonzera kufa munguva pfupi yapfuura kwemuimbi Jimmy Buffet, inofungidzirwa kuti ichasvetuka kusvika kuzviitiko zvinopfuura 3,200 pagore mumakore maviri anotevera.
Nei izvi zviri kuitika? Chidzidzo chitsva kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMcGill muMontreal inogona kunge yakagadzirisa zvimwe zvakavanzika: Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kufunga kuti sunscreen inovapa mahara kutsvuka kana kugara muzuva kwenguva yakareba sezvavanoda.
Magadzirirwo Egomarara Reganda
Gomarara reganda rinobata vanopfuura mamirioni matatu vekuAmerica gore rega rega. Dzidza kuti gomarara reganda rinotanga sei uye nzira dzekupedzisira dzekuongorora uye nzira dzekurapa dziripo.
'Varwere vakandiudza kuti vanofunga kuti zvakachengeteka kutsvuka kana vakapfeka sunscreen,' akadaro James Ralston, MD, purezidhendi weDermatology Center yeMcKinney muMcKinney, TX. 'Chokwadi ndechekuti hapana nzira isina ngozi yekusviba. Pese paunotsvuka unokuvadza ganda rako. Sezvo kukuvara uku kunowedzera, unokurumidza kuchembera ganda rako uye unowedzera njodzi yako yemhando dzese dzegomarara reganda.'
Uyezve, iwe unogona kusaziva kuwedzera njodzi yegomarara reganda rako nekuita zvimwe zvinhu. Ichokwadi ndechokuti ruzivo runogona kudzivirira zviitiko zvakawanda zvechirwere. 'Gomarara reganda nderimwe reanonyanya kudzivirirwa muUnited States,' akadaro Shanthi Sivendran MD, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri werutsigiro rwegomarara kuAmerican Cancer Society.
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveGomarara Reganda?
Maererano ne MD Anderson Cancer Center, zviratidzo zvechirwere zvinosanganisira:
Nzvimbo ichangobuda paganda rako
Nzvimbo yagara iripo inoshandura ruvara, chimiro, kana saizi
Nzvimbo inovava kana inorwadza
Chironda chisingapore kana kukora
Bundu rinopenya rinotaridzika kutsvuka kana kuti ruvara rweganda rako
Chikamu cheganda chakakwasharara
Chironda chine mupendero wakakwira, chakakora pakati, kana kubuda ropa
Kukura kunoita kunge mhungu
Kukura kunoita sevanga uye rine muganho usina kutsanangurwa
Ndiani Ari Panjodzi Yegomarara Reganda?
'Melanoma inogona kurova chero munhu,' Ralston akadaro.
Munhu ane anopfuura makumi mashanu mamoles, makuru mamoles, kana atypical moles ane njodzi yakawedzera, akadaro. Zvakare, uri panjodzi huru kana uine hama yeropa ine melanoma, ine katsika kekutsva nezuva zviri nyore, uine bvudzi dzvuku kana blond, kana maziso ebhuruu kana egirinhi, kana ane nhoroondo yekunyanya kupiswa nezuva kana kutsvuka mumba. Iwe zvakare uri panjodzi huru kana iwe uine yapfuura chirwere chegomarara reganda kana nhoroondo yemamwe magomarara akadai sezamu kana thyroid cancer, Ralston akadaro.
Kana zvasvika kune mamwe marudzi egomarara reganda, 'vanhu vakaonekwa vaine basal cell carcinoma kana squamous cell carcinoma vane njodzi yakawedzera yekuva negomarara reganda remangwana, kusanganisira melanoma,' akadaro.
Ngationgorore dzimwe nzira shanu dzaungave uri kuwedzera njodzi yegomarara reganda usingazvizive – uye matorero akakodzera ekudzivirira.
Iwe Hausi Kushandisa Yakakwana Sunscreen
'Vanhu havawanzoshandisa sunscreen yakawanda sezvavanofanira kuita,' anodaro Vivian Bucay, MD, chiremba wedermatologist ari kudzidzira kuSan Antonio, TX, uye mutauriri weSkin Cancer Foundation. 'Kuti uwane kukosha kweSPF, unofanirwa kuisa maspuni maviri -- akaenzana negirazi repfuti rakazara - remafuta ezuva kumuviri wako wese, uye chidhori chakaita nickel kumeso kwako,' akadaro.
Fukidza nzvimbo dzinowanzoshaikwa senge nzvimbo yeziso rako, kumusoro uye kuseri kwenzeve dzako, maoko ako, uye kumashure kwemutsipa wako. Usakanganwa nezvemiromo yako, zvakare.
'Ndinoudza varwere kuti vatakure chigadzirwa chemuromo neSPF kuti vazonyorerazve mushure mekudya,' akadaro Bucay. 'Nyorerazve maawa maviri ega ega, kana kuti uchangotuhwina, wadikitira, kana wapedza tauro.'
Iwe hausi Kushandisa Sunscreen Gore-Kutenderera
Vanhu vazhinji vanongopfeka sunscreen panguva inodziya. 'Ndakanzwa varwere vachiti havana kuisa sunscreen nekuti raive zuva rine makore kana chando,' anodaro Ralston. 'Kumwe mwenje weultraviolet unopfuura nemumakore, uye makore anoderedza kudziya. Pasina iyo yambiro yekunzwa kwekudziya, vanhu vari panjodzi yakawedzera yekuvhenekerwa neUV mwenje, kunyanya UVA, iyo isingabatwe nekavha yemakore.'
Kana iwe uchifarira mitambo yechando, iwe uri panjodzi zvakare. 'Sinou inoratidzira 80% yemwaranzi yezuva, saka zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kupiswa nezuva,' anotsanangura kudaro Ralston.
Iwe Haupfeki Sunscreen Mumba
'Kune nzira dzisingatarisirwi idzo munhu anogona kuwana kubuda kwezuva asingazvizivi,' Sivendran akadaro. 'Somuenzaniso, mwaranzi yezuva inopinda nepamahwindo, saka kugara pedyo nehwindo kwenguva yakareba kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yegomarara reganda. Zvakakosha kupfeka sunscreen mumba kuderedza izvi.'
Kana iwe uri mukati memotokari kana kufamba muchigaro chehwindo nendege, bhazi, kana chitima, mutemo uyu unoshandawo.
Ralston akadaro. 'Mafafitera emotokari anovharira mamwe maUVA, kunyanya kana mahwindo akaiswa tinted. Zvisinei, kunyange kufamba nzendo pfupi mumotokari kunowedzera nekufamba kwemakore uye kunokonzera kukanganisa kukuru kwezuva.'
Uri Murume
Ongororo yechipiri itsva yeYunivhesiti yeMcGill yakawana kuti varume vane mukana wekupokana kubatsira kwemafuta ekudzivirira zuva uye kashoma kuti vatariswe makoko matsva kupfuura vakadzi.
Varume zvakare vanogona kuvhenekerwa nemwaranzi yeUV kuburikidza nekutandara kwekunze uye kushanda. Basa rekunze chinhu chinokosha: Tsvakurudzo itsva yakaitwa neWorld Health Organization yakaratidza kuti vanhu vanoshanda muzuva vaimiririra munhu mumwe chete pavatatu vanofa nekenza yeganda isiri melanoma. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti varume vanofanira kunge vakashinga zvakanyanya kana zvasvika pakudzivirira zuva zuva nezuva.
Iwe Hauzive Nhoroondo Yenyu Yemhuri
Zvakakosha kubvunza nezvenhoroondo yekurapwa kwehama dzako nezvegomarara reganda, sezvo ruzivo urwu runogona kukudzivirira iwe nedzimwe nhengo dzemhuri yako. National Cancer Institute inoshuma kuti 5% kusvika 10% yemamelanomas ese anoitika mumhuri dzine nhengo dzakawanda dzine chirwere chegomarara reganda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti njodzi ye melanoma inogona kugarwa nhaka, uye iyo Melanoma Research Alliance yakaona yakatarwa gene mutations inogona kuwedzera njodzi yako.
IAmerican Academy of Dermatology inoti unogona kubatsirwa nekuongorora genetic kune melanoma kana:
Wakambova nema melanomas matatu kana anopfuura akapararira kana kukura akadzika mukati meganda rako, kunyanya usati wasvitsa makore makumi mana nemashanu.
Kana hama dzeropa nhatu kana kupfuura kune rumwe rutivi rwemhuri yako dzine melanoma kana kenza yerwatata.
Kana iwe uine maviri kana anopfuura atypical moles anonzi Spitz nevi.
Kana wanga uine imwe kana kupfuura Spitz nevi uye mumwe wehama dzako dzepedyo akave nemesothelioma, meningioma, kana melanoma yeziso.
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Unogona Sei Kudzivirira Gomarara Reganda Mazuva ese?
'Kunzvenga mwaranzi inokuvadza yezuva panguva dzesimba guru - pakati pa10 am na2 pm - uye kutsvaga mumvuri kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako,' Sivendran akadaro. 'Shandisa sunscreen yakakura, isingapinde mumvura ine SPF ingangoita 30. Panewo zvipfeko zvefashoni, zvisingaremi, zvinodzivirira zuva zvaunogona kupfeka gore rose.'
Ita mafambiro aya kuve tsika, uye iwe unogara nyore-wakachengeteka nezuva.
